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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

On the definition of complex fractional Fourier transform

Fan Hong-Yi

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
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Abstract

In a recent paper of Optics Letter (Fan Hongyi and Lu Hailiang, Optics Letters 28 (2003) 680) the complex fractional Fourier transform (CFFRT) is introduced, which is different from the usual two-dimensional real fractional Fourier transforms. In the present work we illuminate its definition from the point of view of rotation of the complex form of Wigner distributions as well as from the view of optical propagation mechanism in graded-index medium. The newly constructed quantum mechanical entangled state representations are used to link CFFRT to the Wigner distributions.

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In a recent paper of Optics Letter (Fan Hongyi and Lu Hailiang, Optics Letters 28 (2003) 680) the complex fractional Fourier transform (CFFRT) is introduced, which is different from the usual two-dimensional real fractional Fourier transforms. In the present work we illuminate its definition from the point of view of rotation of the complex form of Wigner distributions as well as from the view of optical propagation mechanism in graded-index medium. The newly constructed quantum mechanical entangled state representations are used to link CFFRT to the Wigner distributions.
In this Letter, a new fractional entangling transformation(Fr ET) is proposed, which is generated in the entangled state representation by a unitary operator expfiθeabt abTg where aebT is the Bosonic annihilate operator. The operator is actually an entangled one in quantum optics and differs evidently from the separable operator, expfiθeaa t bbTg, of complex fractional Fourier transformation. The additivity property is proved by employing the entangled state representation and quantum mechanical version of the Fr ET. As an application, the Fr ET of a two-mode number state is derived directly by using the quantum version of the Fr ET, which is related to Hermite polynomials.
Starting from the optical fractional Fourier transform (FFT) and using the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators we establish a formalism of FFT for quantum mechanical wave functions. In doing so, the essence of FFT can be seen more clearly, and the FFT of some wave functions can be derived more directly and concisely. We also point out that different FFT integral kernels correspond to different quantum mechanical representations. They are generalized FFT. The relationship between the FFT and the rotated Wigner operator is studied by virtue of the Weyl ordered form of the Wigner operator.
Enlightened by the algorithmic isomorphism between the rotation of the Wigner distribution function (WDF) and the αth fractional Fourier transform, we show that the optical Fresnel transform performed on the input through an ABCD system makes the output naturally adapting to the associated Wigner transform, i.e. there exists algorithmic isomorphism between ABCD transformation of the WDF and the optical Fresnel transform. We prove this adaption in the context of operator language. Both the single-mode and the two-mode Fresnel operators as the image of classical Fresnel transform are introduced in our discussions, while the two-mode Wigner operator in the entangled state representation is introduced for fitting the two-mode Fresnel operator.
We employ the recently established basis (the two-variable Hermite-Gaussian function) of the generalized Bargmann space (BGBS) [Phys. Lett. A303, 311 (2002)] to study the generalized form of the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT). By using the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators and the bipartite entangled-state representations, we derive the generalized generating function of the BGBS with which the undecomposable kernel of the two-dimensional FRFT [also named complex fractional Fourier transform (CFRFT)] is obtained. This approach naturally shows that the BGBS is just the eigenfunction of the CFRFT.