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Recent Progress of All-optical Buffer

Wu Chong-Qing

Published Jan 1, 2005• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to overview the all-optical buffer.The all-optical buffer has wide applications in all-optical packet switching,all-optical router,all-optical signal process and RF photonics(phased-array antennas).With the development of slow light technology,it becomes the research hotspot.The principle progress and existing problem of slow light buffer based-EIT(electric induced transparency),buffer based-chirped grating and buffer based-fiber loop are described.The general design rule and improving measure of these buffers are discussed.

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The objective of this paper is to overview the all-optical buffer.The all-optical buffer has wide applications in all-optical packet switching,all-optical router,all-optical signal process and RF photonics(phased-array antennas).With the development of slow light technology,it becomes the research hotspot.The principle progress and existing problem of slow light buffer based-EIT(electric induced transparency),buffer based-chirped grating and buffer based-fiber loop are described.The general design rule and improving measure of these buffers are discussed.
The optical buffer is a key component in all-optical information processing systems. Recently a number of schemes that use slow light propagation in various media and structures have been proposed as means toward implementation of all-optical buffers. We rigorously analyze the similarities and differences in approaches that use electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and coupled resonant structures (CRS). We introduce the figure of merit, finesse, that is common to both approaches and obtain fundamental limitations on bit rates and storage capacities of optical buffers. We show that at very low bit rates and storage capacities EIT outperforms CRS, but at rates of 10 Mbits/s and above the EIT medium becomes quite inefficient, and the situation is reversed. Two types of CRS based on high-index-contrast fiber gratings and high-index semiconductor-air photonic crystals and (or) microring resonators are found to hold promise for applications in the 1-1000-Gbits/s range, but only if the losses can be drastically reduced.
The last decade is of great significance for the development of slow light technology.In order to study on the slow light technology deeply,several kinds of slowing light technologies,such as Electromagnetically Induced Transparency(EIT),Coherent Population Oscillation(CPO),Stimulated Brillouin Scattering(SBS) and photonic crystal waveguide,were contrasted and analyzed.Also some important theoretical and technical developments to improve performance of slow light in last decade were introduced,and then problems and shortcomings existing in slowing technology were discussed.Finally,this paper focuses on some novel technologies of slowing down light velocity and their primary applications.Moreover,it forecasts the future developing trends of slow light and its potential applications.Through research on slow light,results show that slow light will realize more and more significant application values in the field of optical fiber sensing and other fields.
The ability to manipulate the speed of light has recently become one of the most exciting emergent topics in optics. There are several experimental demonstrations showing the capability to slow down light more than six orders of magnitude in a variety of media, ranging from atomic vapor, solid state crystal, to semiconductors. These results have led to intensive research into new materials, devices, and system studies that examine their impact to new applications. It is believed that we are on the verge of a dramatic change in the way we envision and construct communication, processing and control systems. One direct application of slow and fast light devices is in the area of communications. One grand challenge remaining in information technology today is to store and buffer optical signals directly in optical format. As such, optical signals must be converted to electronic signals to route, switch, or be processed. This resulted in significant latencies and traffic congestions in current networks. In addition, keeping the data in optical domain during the routing process can greatly reduce the power, complexity and size of the routers. To this end, a controllable optical delay line can effectively function as an optical buffer, and the storage is proportional to the variability of the group velocity. In addition to optical buffers, slow and fast light devices can be used as tunable true-time delay elements in microwave photonics, which are important for remotely controlling phased array antenna. Other novel applications include nonlinear optics, optical signal processing, and quantum information processing. There are various approaches that can be used to vary the optical group velocity. Ultraslow or fast group velocity may result from a large material dispersion, waveguide dispersion, or both. In this paper, the authors provide a review of recent progress of slow and fast light using semiconductor devices. Specifically, they will discuss results obtained using semiconductor quantum-well/quantum-dot absorber and optical amplifiers. Slow and fast light are controllable electrically by changing the bias current or voltage as well as optically by changing the pump laser intensity and wavelength. Delay-bandwidth tradeoff and other figures of merits are analyzed
Slow- and Fast-Light has been investigated during the last years as a powerful tool to reduce and increase the group velocity of light pulses by light. It has enjoyed much recent interest because of the practical applications for telecommunication and information systems. Among these are optical signal processing, radio frequency-photonics, nonlinear optics and time domain spectroscopy. Furthermore, it can be seen as a key technology for optical delay lines, buffers, equalizers and synchronizers in packet switched networks. For a realization, there are different methods and material systems possible. Among them the nonlinear effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is of special interest. This article gives an overview about the fundamentals and some experimental results of the Slow- and Fast-Light effect based on the SBS in optical fibers.
Slow- and fast-light is the control of the velocity of light in a medium by light. As a fascinating new field in physics there is a fundamental interest on this effect on the one side, but on the other side there exist a lot of practical applications for telecommunication and information systems. Among these are optical signal processing, the radio frequency-photonics, nonlinear optics and spectroscopy in time domain. Furthermore, the slow- and fast-light effect can be seen as a key technology for optical delay lines, buffers, equalizers and synchronizers in packed switched networks. To realize the effect there are different methods and material systems possible. Beside these especially the nonlinear effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is of special interest because it has several advantages. This article gives an overview about the fundamentals and limits of the slow-and fast-light effect in general and based on the SBS in optical fibers. Some experimental results which were achieved so far are shown.