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Acta Physica Sinica

Microwave control of optical bistability and multistability in the presence of antirotating wave coupling

Xiaoqi Li, Jian Wang, Wang Fei, Xiangming Hu, (1)华中师范大学物理系，武汉 430079; (2)华中师范大学物理系，武汉 430079；郧阳师范高等专科学校物理系，丹江口 442700

Published Jan 1, 2008• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show the control of optical bistability and multistability via the atomic coherence induced by the microwave field in the presence of the antirotating wave coupling. Appearance or disappearance of bistability and multistability， manipulation of the hysteresis hoop widths and the threshold intensity are achieved by changing the initial phase of the microwave field. Physically， the rotating wave and antirotating wave couplings can be treated as the equivalent bichromatic excitation. Each of the coupled levels are split into an infinite set of sublevels. As a consequence， each of the bare state transitions is split into an infinite set of transitions of different frequencies. The coherent superposition of these split transitions， which depends on the initial phase of the microwave field， determines the nonlinear absorption and dispersion of the medium.

DOI
10.7498/aps.57.2236

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We show the control of optical bistability and multistability via the atomic coherence induced by the microwave field in the presence of the antirotating wave coupling. Appearance or disappearance of bistability and multistability， manipulation of the hysteresis hoop widths and the threshold intensity are achieved by changing the initial phase of the microwave field. Physically， the rotating wave and antirotating wave couplings can be treated as the equivalent bichromatic excitation. Each of the coupled levels are split into an infinite set of sublevels. As a consequence， each of the bare state transitions is split into an infinite set of transitions of different frequencies. The coherent superposition of these split transitions， which depends on the initial phase of the microwave field， determines the nonlinear absorption and dispersion of the medium.
Under a nonresonant condition, we theoretically investigate hybrid absorptive-dispersive optical bistability and multistability behaviours in a three-level Δ-type system by using a microwave field to drive a hyperfine transition between two upper excited states inside a unidirectional ring cavity. We find that the optical bistability and multistability behaviours can be controlled by adjusting the intensity of the microwave field or the intensity of the coherent coupling field. Furthermore, our studies show an interesting phenomenon of the transition from the optical bistability to the optical multistability only by changing the negative detuning of the coupling field into the positive detuning of the coupling field.
Effects of the antirotating coupling on the absorption resonances are presented for a microwave driven three-level system. It is shown that nonlinear sideband generation, selective suppression and switching between peaks and dips in the absorption spectrum are obtained as the microwave Rabi frequency is varied. A physical explanation is given in terms of the coherent superposition of an infinite set of transitions that are associated with an infinite set of dressed states, which are created by the rotating and nonrotating couplings as the equivalent bichromatic excitation.
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The optical behavior of a four-level system in a ring cavity driven by two coherent laser fields is studied. One laser field is treated as the incident field and the other the control field, respectively. It is found that there is optical transparency when the difference between the two frequency detunings of the incident and control fields from the corresponding atomic transition frequencies is zero. Optical bistability can be produced and controlled by increasing the magnitude of the frequency difference. The bistable hysteresis becomes larger when the frequency difference is increased. Further increase of the latter can lead to onset of multistability.
Under nonresonant condition,we theoretically investigate the optical bistability(OB) and multistability(OM) behaviors in a three-level ∧-type system using a microwave field driving a hyperfine transition between two lower states inside the unidirectional ring cavity.The results show that the optical bistability behavior can be controlled by adjusting the intensity and the frequency detuning of the coupling field,respectively.It is also found that the microwave field plays an important role in achieving the multistability.The influence of the atomic cooperation parameter on the OM behavior is discussed at last.
We identify a scheme in which we can control the behavior of an atomic medium to switch between optical bistability (OB) and optical multistability (OM) at multiple frequencies. The scheme relies on the absorption and dispersion characteristics of the optical medium at different frequencies, which can be modulated significantly by changing the magnetic field [Formula: see text] for tuning the energy difference between Zeeman sublevels. The result shows that the transition from OB to OM or vice versa can be easily realized not only at single frequency channel but also between multiple frequency channels. Furthermore, the optical steady-state behavior also varies with the ratio of the applied two coupling fields at any frequency channel. Such controllable switching between multiple frequency channels could also be used as some applications in all-optical switching and quantum information processing.