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NATO science for peace and security series. B, Physics and biophysics

Light-Matter Interactions: A Coupled Oscillator Description

Martin Frimmer, Lukáš Novotný

Published Jan 1, 2017• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-94-024-0850-8_1

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Light-Matter Interactions: A Coupled Oscillator Description

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The semiclassical theory of light-matter interactions describes the interaction between a classical electromagnetic field with a quantum mechanical two-level system.We show that the quantum mechanical two-level system can be modeled by a system of two coupled classical harmonic oscillators whose eigenstates are split in frequency according to the coupling strength and play the roles of the two levels of the quantum mechanical two-level system. The effect of the light field on the mechanical system is modeled as a modulation of the spring constants of the individual oscillators. Using this fully classical model, we derive the Bloch equations for a two-level system and discuss the mechanical analogues of Rabi oscillations and coherent control experiments

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QUANTUM DESCRIPTION OF LIGHT-MATTER COUPLING IN SEMICONDUCTORS

Alexey Vitalievich Kavokin, Jeremy J. Baumberg

This chapter starts from description of Rabi and Bloch-oscillations in semiconductors. It introduces the exciton-light coupling Hamiltonian in terms of the secondary quantization theory, and considers different approaches to quantum description of light-matter coupling, including the Jaynes-Cummings model and the Dicke model. The crossover from bosonic to fermionic statistics for excitons is then discussed. Finally, the dispersion of exciton-polaritons in microcavities is obtained and the polariton Hamiltonian is constructed.

Oxford University Press eBooks•Dec 20, 2007•0 citations
The semiclassical theory of light-matter interactions describes the interaction between a classical electromagnetic field with a quantum mechanical two-level system.We show that the quantum mechanical two-level system can be modeled by a system of two coupled classical harmonic oscillators whose eigenstates are split in frequency according to the coupling strength and play the roles of the two levels of the quantum mechanical two-level system. The effect of the light field on the mechanical system is modeled as a modulation of the spring constants of the individual oscillators. Using this fully classical model, we derive the Bloch equations for a two-level system and discuss the mechanical analogues of Rabi oscillations and coherent control experiments
"The interaction of light and matter has long history. It evolved from the ancient corpuscular theory, to wave theory, and finally to the quantum theory. Matter is composed of charged particles, among them positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that are in motion. Light is an oscillating electromagnetic wave. But light is also particles (photons). The primary objective of this Field Guide to Light-Matter Interaction is to provide the reader with the basic principles of light and matter interaction using classical, semiclassical, and quantum theories. Within this Field Guide, you will find formulae and descriptions of phenomena that are fundamental for an understanding of the present state of the art of light-matter interaction"--
This chapter starts from description of Rabi and Bloch-oscillations in semiconductors. It introduces the exciton-light coupling Hamiltonian in terms of the secondary quantization theory, and considers different approaches to quantum description of light-matter coupling, including the Jaynes-Cummings model and the Dicke model. The crossover from bosonic to fermionic statistics for excitons is then discussed. Finally, the dispersion of exciton-polaritons in microcavities is obtained and the polariton Hamiltonian is constructed.