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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Coherent manipulation of an ensemble of nuclear spins in diamond for high precision rotation sensing

Jean-Christophe Jaskula, Kasturi Saha, Ashok Ajoy, Paola Cappellaro

Published May 24, 2016• 0 citations
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Towards quantum control of nuclear 14N spin ensemble associated with NV ensemble in diamond for nuclear enhanced sensing applications

Vadim Vorobyov, Vladimir V. Soshenko, Stepan Bolshedvorksii +3 more

NV centers ensemble have proven to be sensitive and versatile sensor platform for many applications such as magnetometry [1, 2], electric field sensing [3], thermometry [4] and rotation sensing [5]. The tradeoff between concentration of NVs and coherence lifetime of the electronic spin limits the maximum sensitivity of such devices. Recently usage of quantum memory associated with nuclear spins nearby NV center was shown to dramatically increase the sensitivity via accumulation of the sensed signal in memory [6]. This way sensing on single NV center can benefit a lot from nearby environment, but extension of this technique on atomic ensemble is still quite challenging. Here we present a versatile platform for quantum manipulation with a highly dense NV ensemble in HPHT diamond plates. In our work, we demonstrate several approaches to initialize quantum memory in regular magnetic fields, manipulation of quantum memory, and reading the quantum information from it. Also, we carefully study decoherence rate in our sample using “Echo” and “FID” techniques. We believe the key sources of decoherence in our samples are natural abundance of13C isotopes and P1 centers. To better understand and clarify contribution of each component we studied number of samples with different defect concentrations. Besides, multifrequency resonances were investigated in NV ensembles both experimentally and theoretically. Previously multifrequency resonances were studied in single NV center system at various combinations of transverse and longitudinal MW and RF field allowing to detect many-photon transitions in electron spin subshell[7]. Here we provide study of additional series of resonances achieved in NV ensemble configuration with a close look to the many-photon transitions both in electron and nuclear eigen states. This resonances could be utilized to hyperpolarize the nuclear spin environment in diamond.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2017•0 citations

Cavity-Enhanced Solid-State Nuclear Spin Gyroscope

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Solid-state quantum sensors based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as powerful tools for precise sensing applications. Nuclear spin sensors are particularly well suited for applications requiring long coherence times, such as inertial sensing, but remain underexplored due to control complexity and limited optical readout efficiency. In this work, we propose cooperative cavity quantum electrodynamic (cQED) coupling to achieve efficient nuclear spin readout. Unlike previous cQED methods used to enhance electron spin readout, here we employ two-field interference in the NV hyperfine subspace to directly probe the nuclear spin transitions. We model the nuclear spin NV-cQED system (nNV-cQED) and observe several distinct regimes, including electromagnetically induced transparency, masing without inversion, and oscillatory behavior. We then evaluate the nNV-cQED system as an inertial sensor, indicating a rotation sensitivity improved by 3 orders of magnitude compared to previous solid-state spin demonstrations. Furthermore, we show that the NV electron spin can be simultaneously used as a comagnetometer, and the four crystallographic axes of NVs can be employed for vector resolution in a single nNV-cQED system. These results showcase the applications of two-field interference using the nNV-cQED platform, providing critical insights into the manipulation and control of quantum states in hybrid NV systems and unlocking new possibilities for high-performance quantum sensing.

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Robust optical readout and characterization of nuclear spin transitions in nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond

Andrey Jarmola, Ilja Fescenko, Víctor M. Acosta +5 more

Nuclear spin ensembles in diamond are promising candidates for quantum sensing applications, including rotation sensing. Here we perform a characterization of the optically detected nuclear-spin transitions associated with the 14N nuclear spin within diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers. We observe nuclear-spin-dependent fluorescence with the contrast of optically detected 14N nuclear Rabi oscillations comparable to that of the NV electron spin. Using Ramsey spectroscopy, we investigate the temperature and magnetic-field dependence of the nuclear spin transitions in the 77.5-420 K and 350-675 G range, respectively. The nuclear quadrupole coupling constant Q was found to vary with temperature T yielding d|Q|/dT=-35.0(2) Hz/K at T=297 K. The temperature and magnetic field dependencies reported here are important for quantum sensing applications such as rotation sensing and potentially for applications in quantum information processing.

•Jan 1, 2020•20 citations
NV centers ensemble have proven to be sensitive and versatile sensor platform for many applications such as magnetometry [1, 2], electric field sensing [3], thermometry [4] and rotation sensing [5]. The tradeoff between concentration of NVs and coherence lifetime of the electronic spin limits the maximum sensitivity of such devices. Recently usage of quantum memory associated with nuclear spins nearby NV center was shown to dramatically increase the sensitivity via accumulation of the sensed signal in memory [6]. This way sensing on single NV center can benefit a lot from nearby environment, but extension of this technique on atomic ensemble is still quite challenging. Here we present a versatile platform for quantum manipulation with a highly dense NV ensemble in HPHT diamond plates. In our work, we demonstrate several approaches to initialize quantum memory in regular magnetic fields, manipulation of quantum memory, and reading the quantum information from it. Also, we carefully study decoherence rate in our sample using “Echo” and “FID” techniques. We believe the key sources of decoherence in our samples are natural abundance of13C isotopes and P1 centers. To better understand and clarify contribution of each component we studied number of samples with different defect concentrations. Besides, multifrequency resonances were investigated in NV ensembles both experimentally and theoretically. Previously multifrequency resonances were studied in single NV center system at various combinations of transverse and longitudinal MW and RF field allowing to detect many-photon transitions in electron spin subshell[7]. Here we provide study of additional series of resonances achieved in NV ensemble configuration with a close look to the many-photon transitions both in electron and nuclear eigen states. This resonances could be utilized to hyperpolarize the nuclear spin environment in diamond.
Solid-state quantum sensors based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as powerful tools for precise sensing applications. Nuclear spin sensors are particularly well suited for applications requiring long coherence times, such as inertial sensing, but remain underexplored due to control complexity and limited optical readout efficiency. In this work, we propose cooperative cavity quantum electrodynamic (cQED) coupling to achieve efficient nuclear spin readout. Unlike previous cQED methods used to enhance electron spin readout, here we employ two-field interference in the NV hyperfine subspace to directly probe the nuclear spin transitions. We model the nuclear spin NV-cQED system (nNV-cQED) and observe several distinct regimes, including electromagnetically induced transparency, masing without inversion, and oscillatory behavior. We then evaluate the nNV-cQED system as an inertial sensor, indicating a rotation sensitivity improved by 3 orders of magnitude compared to previous solid-state spin demonstrations. Furthermore, we show that the NV electron spin can be simultaneously used as a comagnetometer, and the four crystallographic axes of NVs can be employed for vector resolution in a single nNV-cQED system. These results showcase the applications of two-field interference using the nNV-cQED platform, providing critical insights into the manipulation and control of quantum states in hybrid NV systems and unlocking new possibilities for high-performance quantum sensing.
Nuclear spin ensembles in diamond are promising candidates for quantum sensing applications, including rotation sensing. Here we perform a characterization of the optically detected nuclear-spin transitions associated with the 14N nuclear spin within diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers. We observe nuclear-spin-dependent fluorescence with the contrast of optically detected 14N nuclear Rabi oscillations comparable to that of the NV electron spin. Using Ramsey spectroscopy, we investigate the temperature and magnetic-field dependence of the nuclear spin transitions in the 77.5-420 K and 350-675 G range, respectively. The nuclear quadrupole coupling constant Q was found to vary with temperature T yielding d|Q|/dT=-35.0(2) Hz/K at T=297 K. The temperature and magnetic field dependencies reported here are important for quantum sensing applications such as rotation sensing and potentially for applications in quantum information processing.