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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Large Artificial Magnetic Fields Realized in a Synthetic Two-Dimensional Lattice

Lauren Aycock, Ben Stuhl, Hsin-I Lu, Dina Genkina, Marcell Gall, Ian B. Spielman

Published Mar 2, 2015• 0 citations
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Synthetic magnetic fields

R. Mark Wilson

Physics Today•Feb 1, 2010•0 citations
We introduce a simple scheme to implement synthetic dimensions in ultracold atomic gases, which only requires two basic and ubiquitous ingredients: the harmonic trap, which confines the atoms, combined with a periodic shaking. In our approach, standard harmonic oscillator eigenstates are reinterpreted as lattice sites along a synthetic dimension, while the coupling between these lattice sites is controlled by the applied time modulation. The phase of this modulation enters as a complex hopping phase, leading straightforwardly to an artificial magnetic field upon adding a second dimension. We show that this artificial gauge field has important consequences, such as the counterintuitive reduction of average energy under resonant driving, or the realization of quantum Hall physics. Our approach offers significant advantages over previous implementations of synthetic dimensions, providing an intriguing route towards higher-dimensional topological physics and strongly-correlated states.
We propose an all-static method to realize an artificial magnetic field for charge neutral particles without introducing any time modulation. Our proposal consists of one-dimensional tubes subject to harmonic trapping potentials with shifted centers. We show that this setup realizes an artificial magnetic field in a hybrid real-momentum space. We discuss how characteristic features of particles in a magnetic field, such as chiral edge states and the quantized Hall response, can be observed in this setup. We find that the mean-field ground state of bosons in this setup in the presence of long-range interactions in physical real space can have quantized vortices in the hybrid real-momentum space; such a state with vortices exhibits a supersolid structure in the physical real space. Our method can be applied to a variety of synthetic quantum matter, including ultracold atomic gases, coupled photonic cavities, coupled waveguides, and exciton-polariton lattices.
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices serve as a tool to model different physical phenomena appearing originally in condensed matter. To study magnetic phenomena one needs to engineer synthetic fields as atoms are neutral. Appropriately shaped optical potentials force atoms to mimic charged particles moving in a given field. We present the realization of artificial gauge fields for the observation of anomalous Hall effect. Two species of attractively interacting ultracold fermions are considered to be trapped in a shaken two dimensional triangular lattice. A combination of interaction induced tunneling and shaking can result in an emergent Dice lattice. In such a lattice the staggered synthetic magnetic flux appears and it can be controlled with external parameters. The obtained synthetic fields are non-Abelian. Depending on the tuning of the staggered flux we can obtain either anomalous Hall effect or its quantized version. Our results are reminiscent of Anomalous Hall conductivity in spin-orbit coupled ferromagnets.