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Physical Review A

Time scales at quantum phase transitions in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model

F. de los Santos, E. Romera, Octavio Castaños

Published Apr 13, 2015• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on quantum revivals and classical periodicities of wave packets centered around the ground state within the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. Special attention is paid to the behavior at first- and second-order phase transitions. In line with previous studies, we find that away from criticality, characteristic times exhibit smooth, nonsingular behavior, but upon approaching the transition points they diverge as power laws with associated critical exponents. Finite-size effects are studied and the observed phenomenology is discussed in the framework of the time-energy uncertainty relation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.91.043409

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We report on quantum revivals and classical periodicities of wave packets centered around the ground state within the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. Special attention is paid to the behavior at first- and second-order phase transitions. In line with previous studies, we find that away from criticality, characteristic times exhibit smooth, nonsingular behavior, but upon approaching the transition points they diverge as power laws with associated critical exponents. Finite-size effects are studied and the observed phenomenology is discussed in the framework of the time-energy uncertainty relation.
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Quantum coherence reflects the origin of quantumness and might be capable of extracting the subtle nature of a system. We investigate the ground-state coherence and steered coherence in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model and show that they detect faithfully the quantum phase transitions of this model. Moreover, we carry out scaling analysis on the coherence and steered coherence by means of the continuous unitary transformation method and find that the scaling exponents are uniquely determined by the phase region of this model. These results may provide useful insights into the mechanism underlying quantum criticality in many-body systems.
We investigate signatures of the excited-state quantum phase transition in the periodic dynamics of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. With this aim, we use the semiclassical trajectories to calculate quantum mechanical quantities such as the density of states and expectation values of observables in eigenstates of the system. Motivated by this approach, we suggest an experimental protocol, based on the time evolution of the finite-size system, to find singularities in observables, which arise due to the excited-state quantum phase transition. We also discuss the influence of the participation ratio on the deviations of the quantum mechanical finite-size time evolution from the classical one.
We study the critical properties of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model in terms of the fidelity susceptibility. By using the Holstein-Primakoff transformation, we obtain explicitly the critical exponent of the fidelity susceptibility around the second-order quantum phase transition point. Our results provide a rare analytic case for the fidelity susceptibility in describing the universality class in quantum critical behavior. The different critical exponents in two phases are nontrivial results, indicating that the fidelity susceptibility is not always extensive.
We consider the finite-size corrections in the Dicke model and determine the scaling exponents at the critical point for several quantities such as the ground-state energy or the gap. Therefore, we use the Holstein-Primakoff representation of the angular momentum and introduce a canonical transformation to diagonalize the Hamiltonian in the normal phase. As already observed in several systems, these corrections turn out to be singular at the transition point and thus lead to nontrivial exponents. We show that for the atomic observables, these exponents are the same as in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, in agreement with numerical results. We also investigate the behavior of the order parameter related to the radiation mode and show that it is driven by the same scaling variable as the atomic one.
We show that for quantum phase transitions with a single bosonic zero mode at the critical point, like the Dicke model and the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, metric quantities such as fidelity, that is, the overlap between two ground states corresponding to two values ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{2}$ of the controlling parameter $\ensuremath{\lambda}$, depend only on the ratio $\ensuremath{\eta}=({\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{1}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{c})/({\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{2}\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{c})$, where $\ensuremath{\lambda}={\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{c}$ at the critical point. This scaling property is valid also for time-dependent quantities such as the Loschmidt echo, provided time is measured in units of the inverse frequency of the critical mode.