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Physical Review A

Nonlinear coupling between two Zeeman coherence gratings stored in cold atoms

Rafael Alves De Oliveira, D. Felinto, J. W. R. Tabosa

Published Aug 26, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the storage and the nonlinear coupling of two Zeeman coherence gratings in an ensemble of cold cesium atoms. This nonlinear coupling was revealed through the analysis of the total energy that can be extracted from the atomic medium as a function of the relative intensities of the grating writing beams, which presented a minimum when their intensities were made equal. A theoretical model using the density matrix formalism accounts quantitatively well for the observed results and allowed us to identify several channels in which energy can be delivered in the reading process.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.023844

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We investigate the storage and the nonlinear coupling of two Zeeman coherence gratings in an ensemble of cold cesium atoms. This nonlinear coupling was revealed through the analysis of the total energy that can be extracted from the atomic medium as a function of the relative intensities of the grating writing beams, which presented a minimum when their intensities were made equal. A theoretical model using the density matrix formalism accounts quantitatively well for the observed results and allowed us to identify several channels in which energy can be delivered in the reading process.
The present work explores new possibilities for the selective storage of optical information through higher-order nonlinearities in a sample of cold cesium atoms obtained from a magneto-optical trap. Particularly, we demonstrate the storage of a third-, fifth-, and seventh-order nonlinear atom–light interaction into the coherences and populations of the Zeeman structure of the hyperfine cesium 6S1/2, F=3 ground state. Two writing beams create coherence and population gratings associated with high-order nonlinear processes, which can be selectively retrieved by a reading beam after a controllable storage time. Each kind of grating can store only specific orders of the nonlinear interaction, leading to special features in each signal. Applications of this nonlinear memory to herald multiphotons are discussed.
We report on a detailed investigation of the dynamics and the saturation of a light grating stored in a sample of cold cesium atoms. We employ Bragg diffraction to retrieve the stored optical information impressed into the atomic coherence by the incident light fields. The diffracted efficiency is studied as a function of the intensities of both writing and reading laser beams. A theoretical model is developed to predict the temporal pulse shape of the retrieved signal and compares reasonably well with the observed results.
We report on the direct observation of spontaneous coherence grating transfer between different pairs of Zeeman sublevels belonging to different cesium hyperfine states. Coherent Bragg diffraction is employed as a signature of the transfer mechanism; this spectrum shows a subnatural linewidth. Theoretically we model the observed effect using a tensorial density matrix formalism to describe the light interaction with a pair of degenerate two-level systems coupled by spontaneous emission. The possibility of transferring a short-lived atomic coherence into a long-lived one might be of considerable importance for the growing field of quantum-information processing.
We investigate the evolution of a Zeeman coherence grating induced in a cold atomic cesium sample in the presence of an external magnetic field. The gratings are created in a three-beam light storage configuration using two quasi-collinear writing and reading laser pulses with a counterpropagating pulse after a variable time delay. The phase-conjugated pulse arising from the atomic sample is monitored. Collapses and revivals of the retrieved pulse are observed for different polarizations of laser beams and for different directions of the applied magnetic field. While magnetic field inhomogeneities are responsible for the decay of the coherent atomic response, a five-fold increase in the coherence decay time, with respect to no applied magnetic field, is obtained for an appropriate choice of the direction of the applied magnetic field. A simplified theoretical model illustrates the role of the magnetic field mean and its inhomogeneity on the collective atomic response.
We investigate the evolution of a Zeeman coherence grating induced in a cold atomic cesium sample in the presence of an external magnetic field. The gratings are created in a three-beam light storage configuration using two quasi-collinear writing and reading laser pulses with a counterpropagating pulse after a variable time delay. The phase-conjugated pulse arising from the atomic sample is monitored. Collapses and revivals of the retrieved pulse are observed for different polarizations of laser beams and for different directions of the applied magnetic field. While magnetic field inhomogeneities are responsible for the decay of the coherent atomic response, a five-fold increase in the coherence decay time, with respect to no applied magnetic field, is obtained for an appropriate choice of the direction of the applied magnetic field. A simplified theoretical model illustrates the role of the magnetic field mean and its inhomogeneity on the collective atomic response.