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Physica Scripta

Enhancement of squeezing in an electromagnetically induced transparent system using a microwave field

J Chen, Bang‐Pin Hou

Published Sep 11, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the output squeezing of a squeezed vacuum as a probe field propagating through a collection of Λ-type atoms by using a microwave field to drive the dipole-forbidden transition constructed by the ground states. It is found that when the microwave field is increased, the degree of the output squeezing for a squeezed vacuum can be enhanced and the squeezing regions in the frequency domain become wider. In particular, the output squeezing from a shot noise can be produced by adjusting the microwave field. Meanwhile the electromagnetically induced transparency of the quantum field is also optimized. This can be useful in controllable quantum communication.

DOI
10.1088/0031-8949/89/10/105101

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We investigate the output squeezing of a squeezed vacuum as a probe field propagating through a collection of Λ-type atoms by using a microwave field to drive the dipole-forbidden transition constructed by the ground states. It is found that when the microwave field is increased, the degree of the output squeezing for a squeezed vacuum can be enhanced and the squeezing regions in the frequency domain become wider. In particular, the output squeezing from a shot noise can be produced by adjusting the microwave field. Meanwhile the electromagnetically induced transparency of the quantum field is also optimized. This can be useful in controllable quantum communication.
The interaction of a quantized field with three-level atoms in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ configuration inside a two mode cavity is analyzed. We calculate the stationary quadrature noise spectrum of the field outside the cavity in the case where the input probe field is in a squeezed state and the atoms show electromagnetically induced transparency. If the Rabi frequencies of both dipole transitions of the atoms are different from zero, we show that the output probe field has four maxima of squeezing absorption. We show that in some cases two of these frequencies can be very close to the transition frequency of the atom, in a region where the mean value of the field entering the cavity is hardly altered. Furthermore, part of the absorbed squeezing of the probe field is transferred to the pump field. For some conditions this transfer of squeezing can be complete.
We studied the electromagnetically induced transparency, where the three-level atom of Λ-type is put in two statistically independent squeezed vacuums. We start from the master equation containing the decay of the atom to the squeezed vacuums, and solve the non-diagonal density matrix element analytically, finding that it is strongly dependent on the squeezing degree and the phase of the squeezed vacuum. There is also a dependence on the intensity and phase of the probe beam, which would not appear in the normal vacuum case. By coupling with squeezed vacuums, the atom would not only experience electromagnetically induced transparency and slow group velocity, but also induce a fast group velocity,backward group velocity and a gain in the probe light field. Besides, the absorption and gain can be modulated by the intensity of probe light.
Quantum entanglement is an essential ingredient for the absolute security of quantum communication. Generation of continuous-variable entanglement or two-mode squeezing between light fields based on the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been systematically investigated in this work. Here, we propose a new scheme to enhance the degree of entanglement between probe and coupling fields of coherent-state light by introducing a two-photon detuning in the EIT system. This proposed scheme is more efficient than the conventional one, utilizing the ground-state relaxation (population decay or dephasing) rate to produce entanglement or two-mode squeezing which adds far more excess fluctuation or noise to the system. In addition, maximum degree of entanglement at a given optical depth can be achieved with a wide range of the coupling Rabi frequency and the two-photon detuning, showing our scheme is robust and flexible. It is also interesting to note that while EIT is the effect in the perturbation limit, i.e. the probe field being much weaker than the coupling field and treated as a perturbation, there exists an optimum ratio of the probe to coupling intensities to achieve the maximum entanglement. Our proposed scheme can advance the continuous-variable-based quantum technology and may lead to applications in quantum communication utilizing squeezed light.
Abstract. We analyze the transmission of continuous-wave and pulsed squeezed vacuum through rubidium vapor under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency. Our analysis is based on a full theoretical treatment for a squeezed state of light propagating through temporal and spectral filters and detected using timeand frequency-domain homodyne tomography. A model based on a three-level atom allows us to evaluate the linear losses and extra noise that degrade the nonclassical properties of the squeezed vacuum during the atomic interaction and eventually predict the quantum states of the transmitted light with a high precision.
We analyze the transmission of continuous-wave and pulsed squeezed vacuum through rubidium vapor under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency. Our analysis is based on a full theoretical treatment for a squeezed state of light propagating through temporal and spectral filters and detected using time and frequency-domain homodyne tomography. A model based on a three-level atom allows us to evaluate the linear losses and extra noise that degrade the nonclassical properties of the squeezed vacuum during the atomic interaction and eventually predict the quantum states of the transmitted light with a high precision.