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OSA Advanced Photonics Congress

Quantum Interfaces Based on Nanophotonic Systems

Mikhail D. Lukin

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We will discuss recent developments at a new scientific interface between quantum optics and nano science involving realization of hybrid systems combining quantum emitters and nanophotonic devices. We will discuss how these techniques are used for realization of quantum nonlinear optics and quantum networks.
DOI
10.1364/iprsn.2015.is4a.1

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Chapter 1 reviews recent advances towards the realization of quantum networks based on atom-like solid-state quantum emitters coupled to nanophotonic devices. Specifically, focus is on experiments involving the negatively charged silicon-vacancy color center in diamond. These emitters combine homogeneous, coherent optical transitions and a long-lived electronic spin quantum memory. Optical and spin properties of this system at cryogenic temperatures and experiments where silicon-vacancy centers are coupled to nanophotonic cavities are discussed. Finally, the chapter discusses experiments demonstrating quantum nonlinearities at the single-photon level and two-emitter entanglement in a single nanophotonic device.
The performances of photonic devices are getting closer to those required by quantum technology and a bridge may be created by substantial progress in our ability to control light-matter interactions. The dramatic advances of nanotechnology experienced in recent years have enabled us to fabricate optical nanostructures that greatly improve the conversion of localized electromagnetic energy into radiation and vice versa. We discuss how these may enable the implementation of novel light-matter interfaces for investigating and harnessing quantum optical effects and explain how unprecedented interaction regimes can be achieved.
A promising approach to realize a quantum internet [1] is to use a hybrid quantum network - a network composed of many different quantum devices, such as quantum emitters, quantum repeaters, or quantum gates, interconnected via photonic links. However, such a wide variety of quantum devices tends to be spectrally incompatible. Especially, the challenge arises to interface different single-photon spectral bandwidths with high efficiency. In particular, an important link is bridging the ultrafast optics with hundreds of GHz spectral bandwidths with nanosecond timescales of single-photon pulses, hence MHz-wide spectra. Such an interface corresponds, e.g., to coupling a single photon produced in a commonly used bulk spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) photon sources to atomic-based quantum memories. The already demonstrated spectral compression techniques, based mostly on optical nonlinearities, operate only in the above GHz regime and are not suitable for this task [2].