Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Surface tension in heated nuclei

Yu. B. Ivanov

Published Jul 1, 1981• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The method of thermal Green's functions is used to obtain a finite-temperature self-consistency condition for systems with spontaneously broken translational invariance; this condition makes it possible to calculate the equilibrium characteristics of a heated drop of a Fermi liquid. A model is proposed for describing a heated nucleus on the basis of a model self-consistency equation obtained from the exact self-consistency condition by means of the usual renormalization procedure in the theory of finite Fermi systems with neglect of retardation effects. It is shown that the model self-consistency condition makes it possible to describe a ''liquid-gas'' phase transition in nuclear matter and determine the corresponding critical temperature, which is a birfurcation point of this equation. In the framework of the developed approach, an expression is derived for the coefficient of surface tension at nonzero temperatures. The part played by retardation is discussed. It is shown that the contribution to the coefficient of surface tension of the effects associated with exchange of a surface excitation is dominant at low temperatures. In the low-temperature limit, an analytic form of the dependence of the coefficient of surface tension on the temperature is obtained.

Related papers

Statistical description of compound states of nuclei

G.G. Bunatyan

A systematic development of the theory of finite Fermi systems for non-zero temperatures (Tnot =0) is undertaken on the basis of the method of temperature Green's functions. The properties of compound nuclear states are considered. The variations of the density matrix deltarho, the self-energy part delta..sigma.., the mean square radius delta , the quadrupole moment delta, etc, are studied in a transition from the ground state (T=0) to an excited state with temperature T. The relationship connecting the excitation energy with temperature is obtained. Consistently taken into account is the strong interaction of the nucleons, in particular, the change in the one-particle nuclear potential as the temperature T is varied. Qualitative quasi-classical estimates are given for the effects considered, and the limits on the applicability of the statistical description of nuclei at large T are discussed.

•Nov 1, 1977•2 citations

The collective excitation of nuclear matter in a bosonizated formula of Landau Fermi liquid theory

Bao-Xi Sun

The collective excitation of the nuclear matter is analyzed in a bosonizated formula of Landau Fermi liquid theory. When the nonlinear self-interacting terms of the scalar meson are taken into account in the Walecka model, the collective excitation energies of the nuclear matter can be obtained self-consistently. It shows that the calculation results are consistent with the corresponding experimental data of the nucleus ${}^{208}Pb$ when the quantum number of the orientation of the orbital angular momentum $m$ is zero. Moreover, the cases with the nonzero $m$ values are also studied, it manifests that the collective excitation energy with the fixed nonzero $m$ value are almost invariant when the quantum number of the orbital angular momentum $l$ changes. However, the collective excitation energy of the nuclear matter decreases with the absolute value of $m$ increasing. The direct interaction between two nucleons near the Fermi surface only changes the Fermi velocity, while the exchange interaction causes the collective excitation of the nuclear matter. At this point, it is different from the traditional views in nuclear physics, which announce that the random phase approximation is essential to generate the nuclear collective excitation states.

arXiv:1909.12053•Sep 26, 2019•0 citations

On the quantum-field description of many-particle Fermi systems with spontaneously broken symmetry

Yu. M. Poluéktov

A quantum-field approach for describing many-particle Fermi systems at finite temperatures and with spontaneously broken symmetry has been proposed. A generalized model of self-consistent field (SCF), which allows one to describe the states eligible for this system with various symmetries, is used as the initial approximation. A perturbation theory has been developed, and a diagram technique for temperature Green's functions (GFs) has been constructed. The Dyson's equation for the self-energy and vertex parts has been deduced.

arXiv:1303.4913•Mar 20, 2013•4 citations

Green’s Functions

John W. Negele, Henri Orland

This chapter describes the salient properties of zero-temperature, real-time finite temperature, and thermal Green's functions in turn. It considers the effect of the energy and momentum dependence of the self-energy on quasiparticle propagation in an interacting Fermi system. The chapter illustrates the major points for the case of a nucleon in translationally invariant nuclear matter. Although Green's functions were introduced because of their physical connection to response functions, they contain sufficient information to evaluate all ground state observables or thermal averages. The real-time Green's function, which describes the physical response of a system, may thereby, be obtained from the thermal Green's function. The essential point in relating the optical potential to the self-energy is the observation that the wave function can be written in terms of the one-particle Green's function. A good approximation to the response may be obtained using the response function for a non-interacting Fermi gas corrected for the medium dependence of the nucleon self-energy.

CRC Press eBooks•Mar 5, 2018•0 citations

Non-Fermi liquids at finite temperature: Normal-state and infrared singularities

Huajia Wang, Gonzalo Torroba

We analyze quantum criticality at finite temperature for a class of non-Fermi liquids with massless bosons. Finite temperature gives rise to new infrared singularities that invalidate standard perturbative treatments. We show how such divergences are resolved at a nonperturbative level, and obtain the resulting fermion self-energy. This leads to a new ``thermal'' non-Fermi liquid regime that extends over a wide range of frequencies, and which violates finite temperature scaling laws near quantum critical points. We analyze the resulting quantum critical region and properties of the retarded Green's function. More generally, such effects dominate in the nearly static limit and are expected to have a nontrivial impact on superconductivity and transport.

arXiv:1706.07471•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•Oct 16, 2017•15 citations

Thermal liquid-gas phase transition in a quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Fermi gas

Lanxuan Gao, Koki Takayama, Hiroyuki Tajima +2 more

We theoretically investigate the thermodynamic properties of a quasi-one-dimensional single-component dipolar Fermi gas at finite temperatures. A self-bound fermionic droplet can be achieved by exchange correlations with long-range dipole-dipole interactions under quasi-one-dimensional confinement, where the interaction can be tuned by tilting the dipoles along the system coordinate. Using the Hartree-Fock approximation, we show how the liquid-gas phase transition occurs in this system and elucidate the finite-temperature phase structure consisting of a gas phase, liquid phase, gas-liquid coexistence phase, and spinodal phase. We also discuss its similarity to the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter through a comparison with phenomenological models. By examining the experimental conditions for realizing self-bound fermionic droplets, we find that microwave-shielded fermionic polar molecules are promising candidates. Our results will be useful for an interdisciplinary understanding of self-bound fermionic matter as well as an analog quantum simulation of nuclear systems.

arXiv:2512.09252•Physical Review A•May 1, 2026•0 citations
The method of thermal Green's functions is used to obtain a finite-temperature self-consistency condition for systems with spontaneously broken translational invariance; this condition makes it possible to calculate the equilibrium characteristics of a heated drop of a Fermi liquid. A model is proposed for describing a heated nucleus on the basis of a model self-consistency equation obtained from the exact self-consistency condition by means of the usual renormalization procedure in the theory of finite Fermi systems with neglect of retardation effects. It is shown that the model self-consistency condition makes it possible to describe a ''liquid-gas'' phase transition in nuclear matter and determine the corresponding critical temperature, which is a birfurcation point of this equation. In the framework of the developed approach, an expression is derived for the coefficient of surface tension at nonzero temperatures. The part played by retardation is discussed. It is shown that the contribution to the coefficient of surface tension of the effects associated with exchange of a surface excitation is dominant at low temperatures. In the low-temperature limit, an analytic form of the dependence of the coefficient of surface tension on the temperature is obtained.
A systematic development of the theory of finite Fermi systems for non-zero temperatures (Tnot =0) is undertaken on the basis of the method of temperature Green's functions. The properties of compound nuclear states are considered. The variations of the density matrix deltarho, the self-energy part delta..sigma.., the mean square radius delta , the quadrupole moment delta, etc, are studied in a transition from the ground state (T=0) to an excited state with temperature T. The relationship connecting the excitation energy with temperature is obtained. Consistently taken into account is the strong interaction of the nucleons, in particular, the change in the one-particle nuclear potential as the temperature T is varied. Qualitative quasi-classical estimates are given for the effects considered, and the limits on the applicability of the statistical description of nuclei at large T are discussed.
The collective excitation of the nuclear matter is analyzed in a bosonizated formula of Landau Fermi liquid theory. When the nonlinear self-interacting terms of the scalar meson are taken into account in the Walecka model, the collective excitation energies of the nuclear matter can be obtained self-consistently. It shows that the calculation results are consistent with the corresponding experimental data of the nucleus 208Pb{}^{208}Pb208Pb when the quantum number of the orientation of the orbital angular momentum mmm is zero. Moreover, the cases with the nonzero mmm values are also studied, it manifests that the collective excitation energy with the fixed nonzero mmm value are almost invariant when the quantum number of the orbital angular momentum lll changes. However, the collective excitation energy of the nuclear matter decreases with the absolute value of mmm increasing. The direct interaction between two nucleons near the Fermi surface only changes the Fermi velocity, while the exchange interaction causes the collective excitation of the nuclear matter. At this point, it is different from the traditional views in nuclear physics, which announce that the random phase approximation is essential to generate the nuclear collective excitation states.
A quantum-field approach for describing many-particle Fermi systems at finite temperatures and with spontaneously broken symmetry has been proposed. A generalized model of self-consistent field (SCF), which allows one to describe the states eligible for this system with various symmetries, is used as the initial approximation. A perturbation theory has been developed, and a diagram technique for temperature Green's functions (GFs) has been constructed. The Dyson's equation for the self-energy and vertex parts has been deduced.
This chapter describes the salient properties of zero-temperature, real-time finite temperature, and thermal Green's functions in turn. It considers the effect of the energy and momentum dependence of the self-energy on quasiparticle propagation in an interacting Fermi system. The chapter illustrates the major points for the case of a nucleon in translationally invariant nuclear matter. Although Green's functions were introduced because of their physical connection to response functions, they contain sufficient information to evaluate all ground state observables or thermal averages. The real-time Green's function, which describes the physical response of a system, may thereby, be obtained from the thermal Green's function. The essential point in relating the optical potential to the self-energy is the observation that the wave function can be written in terms of the one-particle Green's function. A good approximation to the response may be obtained using the response function for a non-interacting Fermi gas corrected for the medium dependence of the nucleon self-energy.
We analyze quantum criticality at finite temperature for a class of non-Fermi liquids with massless bosons. Finite temperature gives rise to new infrared singularities that invalidate standard perturbative treatments. We show how such divergences are resolved at a nonperturbative level, and obtain the resulting fermion self-energy. This leads to a new ``thermal'' non-Fermi liquid regime that extends over a wide range of frequencies, and which violates finite temperature scaling laws near quantum critical points. We analyze the resulting quantum critical region and properties of the retarded Green's function. More generally, such effects dominate in the nearly static limit and are expected to have a nontrivial impact on superconductivity and transport.
We theoretically investigate the thermodynamic properties of a quasi-one-dimensional single-component dipolar Fermi gas at finite temperatures. A self-bound fermionic droplet can be achieved by exchange correlations with long-range dipole-dipole interactions under quasi-one-dimensional confinement, where the interaction can be tuned by tilting the dipoles along the system coordinate. Using the Hartree-Fock approximation, we show how the liquid-gas phase transition occurs in this system and elucidate the finite-temperature phase structure consisting of a gas phase, liquid phase, gas-liquid coexistence phase, and spinodal phase. We also discuss its similarity to the liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter through a comparison with phenomenological models. By examining the experimental conditions for realizing self-bound fermionic droplets, we find that microwave-shielded fermionic polar molecules are promising candidates. Our results will be useful for an interdisciplinary understanding of self-bound fermionic matter as well as an analog quantum simulation of nuclear systems.