We discuss the potential of two-photon states generated by parametric downconversion for conditional preparation of single-photon femtosecond duration wavepackets. We present an experimental design which enables the suppression of dispersive temporal broadening.
The reliable generation of true single‐photon wavepackets with well‐defined modal structure is a crucial ingredient for the realization of linear optical quantum computing. We have implemented a highly efficient waveguided parametric downconversion source pumped by ultrashort pulses, which is characterized by the spatial decoupling of the signal and idler photon while exhibiting a conditional detection efficiency of 51%, corresponding to a preparation efficiency of 85%. We have performed various tests to confirm the single‐photon character of the conditionally prepared state.
In an experiment reported recently (Mosley et al 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 133601), we demonstrated that, through group velocity matched parametric downconversion, heralded single photons can be generated in pure quantum states without spectral filtering. The technique relies on factorable photon pair production, initially developed theoretically in the strict collinear regime; focusing—required in any experimental implementation—can ruin this factorability. Here, we present the numerical model used to design our single photon sources and minimize spectral correlations in the light of such experimental considerations. Furthermore, we show that the results of our model are in good agreement with measurements made on the photon pairs and give a detailed description of the exact requirements for constructing this type of source.