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Revista de Fomento Social

Quantum Dissipation in a Spin Bath; Applications to Chemical Dynamics

Arnab Ghosh, Sudarson Sekhar Sinha, Deb Shankar Ray

Published Dec 8, 2014• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.16943/ptinsa/2014/v80i5/47979

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We study a generic spin-fermion model, where a two-level system (spin) is coupled to two metallic leads with different chemical potentials, in the presence of monochromatic driving fields. The real-time dynamics of the system is simulated beyond the Markovian limit by an iterative numerically exact influence functional path integral method. Our results show that although both system-bath coupling and chemical potential difference contribute to dissipation, their effects are distinct. In particular, under certain drivings the asymptotic Floquet states of the system exhibit robustness against a range of system-bath coupling strength: the asymptotic behaviors of the system are insensitive to different system-bath coupling strength, while they are highly tunable by the chemical potential difference of baths. Further simulations show that such robustness may be essentially a result of the interplay between driving, bath electronic structure, and system-bath coupling. Therefore, the robustness could break down depending on the characteristics of the interplay. In addition, under fast linearly polarized driving the quantum stochastic resonance is demonstrated that stronger system-bath coupling (stronger dissipation) enhances rather than suppresses the amplitude of coherent oscillations of the system.
We investigate the evolution of a central spin coupled to a spin bath without internal dynamics. We compare the cases where the bath couples to one or two components of the spin. It is found that the central spin dynamics is enhanced in the latter case, which may be interpreted as a frustration of dissipation. However, the quantum purity of the spin decays fast in both scenarios. We conclude that symmetric coupling of the bath to two orthogonal components of the spin inhibits dissipation but not decoherence.
Quantum Brownian motion is a frontier area of research in quantum optics (Louisell 1973; Sargent, Scully, and Lamb 1974; Meystre and Sargent 1991), condensed matter (Grabert, Schramm, and Ingold 1988; Weiss 1999), and chemical physics (Hänggi, Talkner, and Borkovec 1990; Zwanzig 1973) over the last several decades. The fundamental paradigm is the irregular movement of a particle in a thermal bath kept at finite temperature. The bath constitutes many, in principle, infinite degrees of freedom interacting with the particle. In general, the bath is considered to be a set of harmonic oscillators of varied frequency ranges and is therefore bosonic in character. The particle follows the reduced stochastic dynamics obtained after appropriate elimination of these reservoir degrees of freedom under suitable approximation schemes. The dynamical evolution is characterized by quantum dissipation and bosonic noise related to each other by fluctuation-dissipation (FD) relation, ensuring a detailed balance in the system. This chapter concerns a system-reservoir model where the reservoir is constituted by a set of two-level atoms or spin-1/2 systems.