We investigate the effect of light amplification on the minimum reflection channel in a random medium. Enhanced destructive interference of the excited resonant modes may cause a reduction in the minimum reflection with increasing gain.
Enhancing light transmission through scattering media is of much interest in many fields. Here, numerical simulations are performed to study the impact of gain on the value of reflection of the minimum reflection channel in a random medium. Surprisingly, in some random configurations, the reflection falls when gain is added even through the intensity inside the medium presumably increases once gain is introduced. This unexpected behavior is explained based on a decomposition of quasinormal modes.
Enhancement of the diffusive albedo from a random amplifying medium is discussed. A pump-probe setup is used to study the amplification of the reflected probe pulse light outside the backscattering cone. Strong super-reflection is measured and its dependence on the disorder strength is studied. An optimal disorder strength is observed at high excitation energy wherein the super-reflection is maximal. The origins of this behavior are traced to the interplay between the out-coupling and amplification from a disordered amplifying medium with an inhomogeneous distribution of gain.
Amplification in random media is investigated from the perspective of diffuse photon density waves (DPDWs). These exponentially decaying waves, typical in absorbing media, exhibit significantly enhanced propagation characteristics in random amplifying media. Consequently, finite amplifying regions, embedded in an absorbing random medium, exhibit specific resonant features governed by the geometry of the amplifying region. For a spheroidal amplifying region, the scattered waves are dominated by the characteristic multipolar resonances, and the monopolar as well as the dipolar resonances are closely related to random lasing thresholds. The levels of amplification at which the resonance (or lasing) occurs can be used to identify the size, shape, and orientation of the amplifying region. These resonant modes are quite robust and survive, even as the modulation frequency of the DPDW is varied from about 100 MHz to zero, thereby indicating a deeper connection between random lasing path distributions and the appropriate gain profiles resulting in the associated intensity distribution of the DPDW modes.