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Journal of Advanced Science

A Simple Mean-Field Theory of d-wave Superconductivity.

Minoru Sato

Published Jan 1, 1992• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A simple interpolation scheme neglecting doubly occupied states is established between insulating and metallic limits of the t-J model. The equation of motion is linearized by applying the mean field approximation. Self-consistent equations of d-wave superconducting states are given and 2Tc/t as a function of carrier density δ is calculated.

DOI
10.2978/jsas.4.204

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arXiv:cond-mat/0601174•Physical Review B•Oct 17, 2006•42 citations
A simple interpolation scheme neglecting doubly occupied states is established between insulating and metallic limits of the t-J model. The equation of motion is linearized by applying the mean field approximation. Self-consistent equations of d-wave superconducting states are given and 2Tc/t as a function of carrier density δ is calculated.
We discuss the coexistence of antiferromagnetism and ddd-wave superconductivity within the so-called statistically consistent Gutzwiller approximation (SGA) applied to the ttt--JJJ--UUU model. In this approach, the averages calculated in a self-consistent manner coincide with those determined variationally. Such consistency is not guaranteed within the standard renormalized mean-field theory. With the help of SGA, we show that for the typical value J/∣t∣=13J/|t|=\frac{1}{3}J/∣t∣=31​, coexistence of antiferromagnetism (AF) and superconductivity (SC) appears only for U/∣t∣>10.6U/|t|>10.6U/∣t∣>10.6 and in a very narrow range of doping $(\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\lesssim}0.006)$ in the vicinity of the Mott insulating state, in contrast to some previous reports. In the coexistent AF+SC phase, a staggered spin-triplet component of the superconducting gap appears also naturally; its value is very small.
We present an approach to investigate the interplay of antiferromagnetism and d-wave superconductivity in the two-dimensional Hubbard model within a numerically exact cluster dynamical mean-field approximation. Self-consistent solutions with two nonzero order parameters exist in a wide range of doping level and temperatures. A linearized equation for the energy spectrum near the Fermi level has been solved. The resulting d-wave gap has the correct magnitude and k dependence, but some distortion compared to the pure ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$ superconducting order parameter due to the presence of underlying antiferromagnetic ordering.
In the first part of the paper, we study the stability of antiferromagnetic (AF), charge density wave (CDW), and superconducting (SC) states within the t-J-U-V model of strongly correlated electrons by using the statistically consistent Gutzwiller approximation (SGA). We concentrate on the role of the intersite Coulomb interaction term V in stabilizing the CDW phase. In particular, we show that the charge ordering appears only above a critical value of V in a limited hole-doping range δ. The effect of the V term on SC and AF phases is that a strong interaction suppresses SC, whereas the AF order is not significantly influenced by its presence. In the second part, separate calculations for the case of a pure SC phase have been carried out within an extended approach (the diagrammatic expansion for the Gutzwiller wave function, DE-GWF) in order to analyze the influence of the intersite Coulomb repulsion on the SC phase with the higher-order corrections included beyond the SGA method. The upper concentration for the SC disappearance decreases with increasing V, bringing the results closer to experiment. In appendices A and B we discuss the ambiguity connected with the choice of the Gutzwiller renormalization factors within the renormalized mean filed theory when either AF or CDW orders are considered. At the end, we overview briefly the possible extensions of the current models to put descriptions of the SC, AF, and CDW states on equal footing.
In the generalized-tJtJtJ model the effect of a large local Coulomb repulsion is accounted for by restricting the Hilbert space to states with at most one electron per site. In this case the electronic system can be viewed in terms of holes hopping in a lattice of correlated spins, where holes are the carriers doped into the half-filled Mott insulator. To explicitly capture the interplay between the hole dynamics and local spin correlations we derive a formulation of the generalized-tJtJtJ model where doped carrier operators are used instead of the original electron operators. This ``doped carrier'' formulation provides a starting point to address doped spin systems, and we use it to develop a fully fermionic, mean-field description of doped Mott insulators. This mean-field approach reveals a mechanism for superconductivity---namely, spinon-dopon mixing---and we apply it to the $t{t}^{\ensuremath{'}}{t}^{\ensuremath{''}}J$ model as of interest to high-temperature superconductors. In particular, we use model parameters borrowed from band calculations and from fitting angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy data to obtain a mean-field phase diagram that reproduces semiquantitatively that of hole- and electron-doped cuprates. The mean-field approach hereby presented accounts for the local antiferromagnetic and ddd-wave superconducting correlations which, we show, provide a rational for the role of ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ and ${t}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ in strengthening superconductivity as expected by experiments and other theoretical approaches. As we discuss how ttt, ${t}^{\ensuremath{'}}$, and ${t}^{\ensuremath{''}}$ affect the phase diagram, we also comment on possible scenarios to understand the differences between as-grown and oxygen-reduced electron-doped samples.