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Physics

Observing the Great Spin and Orbital Swap

Ana María Rey

Published Sep 15, 2014• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report on the first direct observation of fast spin-exchange coherent oscillations between different long-lived electronic orbitals of ultracold 173 Yb fermions.We measure, in a model-independent way, the strength of the exchange interaction driving this coherent process.This observation allows us to retrieve important information on the interorbital collisional properties of 173 Yb atoms and paves the way to novel quantum simulations of paradigmatic models of two-orbital quantum magnetism.

DOI
10.1103/physics.7.95

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We report on the first direct observation of fast spin-exchange coherent oscillations between different long-lived electronic orbitals of ultracold 173 Yb fermions.We measure, in a model-independent way, the strength of the exchange interaction driving this coherent process.This observation allows us to retrieve important information on the interorbital collisional properties of 173 Yb atoms and paves the way to novel quantum simulations of paradigmatic models of two-orbital quantum magnetism.
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We report on the investigation of the scattering properties between the ground state 1S0^{1}S_{0}1S0​ and the metastable state 3P0^{3}P_{0}3P0​ of the fermionic isotope of 171Yb^{171}\mathrm{Yb}171Yb. We measure the sss-wave scattering lengths in the two-orbital collision channels as aeg+=225(13)a0{a}_{eg}^{+}=225(13){a}_{0}aeg+​=225(13)a0​ and ${a}_{eg}^{\ensuremath{-}}=355(6){a}_{0}$, using clock transition spectroscopy in a three-dimensional optical lattice. The results show that the interorbital spin-exchange interaction is antiferromagnetic, indicating that 171Yb^{171}\mathrm{Yb}171Yb is a promising isotope for the quantum simulation of the Kondo effect with the two-orbital system.
We report on the experimental observation of multiorbital polarons in a two-dimensional Fermi gas of ^{173}Yb atoms formed by mobile impurities in the metastable ^{3}P_{0} orbital and a Fermi sea in the ground-state ^{1}S_{0} orbital. We spectroscopically probe the energies of attractive and repulsive polarons close to an orbital Feshbach resonance and characterize their coherence by measuring the quasiparticle residue. For all probed interaction parameters, the repulsive polaron is a long-lived quasiparticle with a decay rate more than 2 orders of magnitude below its energy. We formulate a many-body theory, which accurately treats the interorbital interactions in two dimensions and agrees well with the experimental results. Our work paves the way for the investigation of many-body physics in multiorbital ultracold Fermi gases.
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