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Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A

Generation and Detection of Fock-States of the Radiation Field

HERBERT WALTHER

Published Feb 1, 2001• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this paper we give a survey of our experiments performed with the micromaser on the generation of Fock states. Three methods can be used for this purpose: the trapping states leading to Fock states in a continuous wave operation, state reduction of a pulsed pumping beam, and finally using a pulsed pumping beam to produce Fock states on demand where trapping states stabilize the photon number.

DOI
10.1515/zna-2001-0117

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Abstract In this paper we give a survey of our experiments performed with the micromaser on the generation of Fock states. Three methods can be used for this purpose: the trapping states leading to Fock states in a continuous wave operation, state reduction of a pulsed pumping beam, and finally using a pulsed pumping beam to produce Fock states on demand where trapping states stabilize the photon number.
In this paper we give a survey of our experiments performed with the micromaser on the generation of Fock states. Three methods can be used for this purpose: the trapping states leading to Fock states in a continuous wave operation; state reduction of a pulsed pumping beam and finally using a pulsed pumping beam to produce Fock states on demand where trapping states stabilize the photon number. The latter method is discussed in detail by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the maser system. The results of the simulations are presented in a video.
Summary form only given. We report on the first generation of Fock states using the micromaser. In order to produce the field, a flux of excited state atoms is passed through the cavity. The Fock states are realized in two ways: firstly in the steady state by using the trapping condition of the maser field, and secondly using state reduction of the pumping atoms. In the second experiment the purity of the Fock state could be investigated in detail by sending an additional probe atom into the cavity and investigating the dynamics of the photon exchange.
Many applications in quantum information or quantum computing require radiation with a fixed number of photons (called Fock or number states) and this special issue demonstrates the real increase in interest in this area. In this paper, we review three recent papers in which we discussed the creation of photon number states in the micromaser and discuss new results. In the first experiment, Fock states were created in steady state via trapping states. Some new results are presented in this section showing a remarkable improvement of our ability to create these states. We then review a second method of dynamic Fock state creation using state reduction of lower state atoms. In this experiment, we also observed the purity of the Fock state that was created via the observation of Rabi oscillations of a probe atom. Finally, we discuss the results of the third experiment that we performed which was an experimental demonstration of a method of creating Fock states on demand.
A wide range of applications in quantum information and quantum cryptography requires radiation sources capable of producing a fixed number of photons. This paper reviews the work performed in our laboratory to produce these fields on demand. Two different methods are discussed. The first is based on the one-atom maser or micromaser operating under the conditions of the so-called trapping states. In this situation, the micromaser field stabilizes to a photon number state. Recently, we also succeeded in determining the Wigner function of a single-photon state. The second device, recently realized in our laboratory, uses a single trapped ion in an optical cavity.