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Complementarity in Genuine Nonlocality: A device independent outlook

Sasha Sami, Anubhav Chaturvedi, Indranil Chakrabarty

Published Mar 30, 2016• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The notion of complementarity or mutually exclusiveness of physical phenomenon has always been of keen interest to the physicists. In this work we show that there exists a complementary relationship in terms of the genuine non-locality of a multipartite system vs. that of reduced subsystems. We further assert that the same is enforced due to no-signaling condition. To this end we consider Svetlichny games in a multiparty binary input and output scenario with a threshold value of the winning probability as a signature of genuine multiparty non locality. We analytically show that, in the Svetlichny games setup, there exists complementary relations between Svetlichny correlations of $n$ party and Svetlichny correlations of any subset of $k \leq n$ parties within the no-signaling framework. In other words, in general non local theories, the genuine multiparty non locality for multiparty systems comes at the cost of upper bounding the genuine multiparty non locality of the reduced subsystem. In addition to Svetlichny games we consider many other non local games like Mermin games, Bancal \emph{et al's} IP, Guess Your Neighbors Input game and provide numerical findings ( in case of no-signaling and quantum correlations ) in support of our main result.

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Indian Journal of Advanced Physics•Oct 27, 2026•0 citations
The notion of complementarity or mutually exclusiveness of physical phenomenon has always been of keen interest to the physicists. In this work we show that there exists a complementary relationship in terms of the genuine non-locality of a multipartite system vs. that of reduced subsystems. We further assert that the same is enforced due to no-signaling condition. To this end we consider Svetlichny games in a multiparty binary input and output scenario with a threshold value of the winning probability as a signature of genuine multiparty non locality. We analytically show that, in the Svetlichny games setup, there exists complementary relations between Svetlichny correlations of nnn party and Svetlichny correlations of any subset of k≤nk \leq nk≤n parties within the no-signaling framework. In other words, in general non local theories, the genuine multiparty non locality for multiparty systems comes at the cost of upper bounding the genuine multiparty non locality of the reduced subsystem. In addition to Svetlichny games we consider many other non local games like Mermin games, Bancal \emph{et al's} IP, Guess Your Neighbors Input game and provide numerical findings ( in case of no-signaling and quantum correlations ) in support of our main result.
We introduce a feature of no-signaling (Bell) nonlocal theories: namely, when a system of multiple parties manifests genuine nonlocal correlation, then there cannot be arbitrarily high nonlocal correlation among any subset of the parties. We call this feature complementarity of genuine multipartite nonlocality. We use Svetlichny's criterion for genuine multipartite nonlocality and nonlocal games to derive the complementarity relations under no-signaling constraints. We find that the complementarity relations are tightened for the much stricter quantum constraints. We compare this notion with the well-known notion of monogamy of nonlocality. As a consequence, we obtain tighter nontrivial monogamy relations that take into account genuine multipartite nonlocality. Furthermore, we provide numerical evidence showcasing this feature using a bipartite measure and several other well-known tripartite measures of nonlocality.
In the nonsignaling framework, nonclassicality in correlation arising from two spatially separated input-output devices gets manifested, solely, through its \emph{nonlocal} behavior. Study of correlations based on this said feature is commonly known as local-nonlocal paradigm. While in two-party scenario correlations can be of only two types either local or nonlocal, the situation gets more involved for multi-party scenario, \emph{e.g.,} for tripartite scenario, correlations can be of three types: fully local, two-way local, and genuinely nonlocal. Nonsignaling correlations having quantum realization are termed physical. Fully local and certain quantum realizable two-way local tripartite correlations always have a quantum realization with tripartite biseparable states if there is no restriction on the local Hilbert-space dimensions. In this work, we study the quantum simulation of fully local and two-way local tripartite correlations with restricted local Hilbert-space dimensions, in particular we consider C2⊗C2⊗C2\mathbb{C}^2\otimes\mathbb{C}^2\otimes\mathbb{C}^2C2⊗C2⊗C2 quantum systems. Interestingly, in this restricted simulation scenario we find that simulation of certain fully local and two-way local correlations necessarily requires \emph{genuine quantumness} in the three qubit states. This, going beyond the standard nonlocality paradigm, captures a new notion of genuine nonclassicality even in the fully local and two-way local correlations. To explore this newly introduced notion of genuine nonclassicality, we propose two quantities of interest, called \emph{Svetlichny strength} and \emph{Mermin strength}, and extensively study their properties.
Identifying the nonlocality of a multiparty quantum state is an important task in quantum mechanics. Seevinck and Svetlichny [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 060401 (2002)], and independently, Collins and co-workers [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 170405 (2002)] have generalized the tripartite notion of Svetlichny nonlocality to n-parties. Here we have developed a tight upper bound for genuine four party Svetlichny type nonlocality. The constraints on the quantum states for the tightness of the bound are also presented. The method enables us to provide necessary and sufficient conditions for violating the four qubit Svetlichny type inequality for several quantum states. The relations between the genuine multipartite entanglement and the maximal quantum value of the Seevinck and Svetlichny operators for pure four qubit states are also discussed. Consequently, we have exhibited genuine four qubit hidden nonlocality under local filtering. Our result provides an effective and operational method for further study of multipartite quantum nonlocality.
Genuine multipartite nonlocality is a salient feature of quantum systems, empowering the security of multi-party device independent cryptographic protocols. Given a correlation, characterizing and detecting genuineness have been subjected to recent studies. In this regard, we propose a Hardy-type argument which is able to detect genuine nnn-way nonlocality of arbitrary quantum systems. To understand the strength of this argument we also study the optimal success probability of the argument in a minimally constrained theory, namely the generalized no-signaling theory.
Categorical quantum mechanics studies quantum theory in the framework of dagger-compact closed categories. Using this framework, we establish a tight relationship between two key quantum theoretical notions: non-locality and complementarity. In particular, we establish a direct connection between Mermin-type non-locality scenarios, which we generalise to an arbitrary number of parties, using systems of arbitrary dimension, and performing arbitrary measurements, and a new stronger notion of complementarity which we introduce here. Our derivation of the fact that strong complementarity is a necessary condition for a Mermin scenario provides a crisp operational interpretation for strong complementarity. We also provide a complete classification of strongly complementary observables for quantum theory, something which has not yet been achieved for ordinary complementarity. Since our main results are expressed in the (diagrammatic) language of dagger-compact categories, they can be applied outside of quantum theory, in any setting which supports the purely algebraic notion of strongly complementary observables. We have therefore introduced a method for discussing non-locality in a wide variety of models in addition to quantum theory. The diagrammatic calculus substantially simplifies (and sometimes even trivialises) many of the derivations, and provides new insights. In particular, the diagrammatic computation of correlations clearly shows how local measurements interact to yield a global overall effect. In other words, we depict non-locality.
We investigate trade-off relations governing genuine four-qubit nonlocality in multipartite quantum systems. By analyzing the reduced four-qubit density operators obtained from five-qubit generalized GHZ and MS states, we establish nontrivial constraints on the expectation values of the SeevinckSvetlichny operators associated with these subsystems. In particular, we demonstrate that genuine four-qubit nonlocal correlations across different four-qubit reductions are not mutually independent. For both classes of five-qubit states considered, we show that the sum of the maximal squared expectation values of the Seevinck-Svetlichny operators over all four-qubit reductions is subject to a state-dependent upper bound. Furthermore, this collective bound is shown to be tighter than the bounds obtained by independently imposing the maximal allowed expectation value of the Svetlichny operator on each four-qubit subsystem. These results reveal a monogamy-like trade-off structure for genuine four-qubit nonlocal correlations and provide tighter constraints on their simultaneous manifestation in multipartite quantum systems.