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Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences

Efficient Chosen-Ciphtertext Secure Public Key Encryption Scheme From Lattice Assumption

Fenghe Wang, Chunxiao Wang, Yupu Hu

Published Oct 9, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract: Using the Bonsai trees primitive and Gentry’s CPA-secure (chosen-plaintext attack) public-key encryption (PKE) scheme, we propose an efficient chosen-ciphtertext secure PKE scheme over lattice. If the decision variant of the learning with errors (LWE) problem is hard and the one-time signature used in this scheme is strong unforgeable, the proposed PKE scheme is indistinguishable against the adaptive chosen-ciphtertext attack (IND-CCA2). One of the characters for this scheme is that, before any encryption operation, the encryption algorithm uses a new choice rule to fix the public parameter matrixes used in the encryption operation. With the help of this new choice rule, we can achieve the chosen-ciphtertext security with much shorter the public key size in contrast to the lattice-based encryption scheme proposed in STOC’09 by Peikert. Moreover, as a CCA-secure PKE scheme, the message-tociphtertext expanse factor of this scheme which is controlled efficiently is nearly closed to the message-to-ciphtertext expanse factor of Gentry’s scheme which is CPA secure. Due to the quantum intractability of the LWE problem on which the scheme is based, the proposed PKE scheme is secure even in quantum-era.

DOI
10.12785/amis/080221

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Abstract: Using the Bonsai trees primitive and Gentry’s CPA-secure (chosen-plaintext attack) public-key encryption (PKE) scheme, we propose an efficient chosen-ciphtertext secure PKE scheme over lattice. If the decision variant of the learning with errors (LWE) problem is hard and the one-time signature used in this scheme is strong unforgeable, the proposed PKE scheme is indistinguishable against the adaptive chosen-ciphtertext attack (IND-CCA2). One of the characters for this scheme is that, before any encryption operation, the encryption algorithm uses a new choice rule to fix the public parameter matrixes used in the encryption operation. With the help of this new choice rule, we can achieve the chosen-ciphtertext security with much shorter the public key size in contrast to the lattice-based encryption scheme proposed in STOC’09 by Peikert. Moreover, as a CCA-secure PKE scheme, the message-tociphtertext expanse factor of this scheme which is controlled efficiently is nearly closed to the message-to-ciphtertext expanse factor of Gentry’s scheme which is CPA secure. Due to the quantum intractability of the LWE problem on which the scheme is based, the proposed PKE scheme is secure even in quantum-era.
Using a known lattice-based chosen plain-text secure encryption scheme and the Bonsai trees primitive, a identity-based encryption (IBE) scheme is proposed in this paper. A public matrices chosen rule that has been used in a known efficient lattice-based chosen ciphtertext secure encryption scheme is used in this paper to reduce the public key size and the message-to ciphtertext expanse factor. Under the hardness of the decision variant of the learning with errors (LWE) problem, we prove that the proposed IBE scheme is indistinguishable against the adaptive chosen identities and chosen-plaintext attack in the standard model. Since a new public key chosen rule is used in our design scheme, the public key size of the proposed scheme would be short. Moreover, the message-to-ciphtertext expanse factor of this scheme is also controlled efficiently which is nearly closed to that of Gentry's scheme. Due to the quantum intractability of the LWE problem on which the scheme is based, the proposed IBE scheme is secure even in quantum-era.
This paper proposes a lattice-based identity-based encryption scheme which can be used in wireless sensor networks to achieve secure communication. More precisely, a known lattice-based chosen plain-text secure encryption scheme and the bonsai trees primitive are used to design an identity-based encryption (IBE) scheme in this paper. To reduce the public key size of the proposed IBE scheme, a public matrices chosen rule is used in this paper which reduces the public key size of proposed scheme to be close to half of that of a known lattice-based scheme. Under the hardness of the decision variant of the learning with errors (LWE) problem, we prove that the proposed IBE scheme is indistinguishable against the adaptive chosen identities and chosen-plaintext attack in the standard model. Moreover, the message-to-ciphtertext expanse factor of this scheme is also controlled efficiently which is nearly closed to that of Gentry's scheme. Due to the quantum intractability of the LWE problem on which the scheme is based, the proposed IBE scheme is secure even in quantum-era.
An improved method of generating trapdoor on ideal lattice was proposed by a stronger regularity bound theorem,then with R-LWE encryption algorithm and strongly unforgeable one-time signature tool from ideal lattice,an adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack(CCA) secure PKE scheme under the standard model was designed.The new PKE scheme supported public ciphertext integrity verification,could achieve block encryption and had a high encryption/decryption speed and a low encryption blowup factor,whose security proved reduced to decisional R-LWE assumption tightly.The construction is the first CCA-secure PKE cryptosystem completely based on hard problems from ideal lattice.
This paper proposes a lattice-based identity-based encryption scheme which can be used in wireless sensor networks to achieve secure communication. More precisely, a known lattice-based chosen plain-text secure encryption scheme and the bonsai trees primitive are used to design an identity-based encryption (IBE) scheme in this paper. To reduce the public key size of the proposed IBE scheme, a public matrices chosen rule is used in this paper which reduces the public key size of proposed scheme to be close to half of that of a known lattice-based scheme. Under the hardness of the decision variant of the learning with errors (LWE) problem, we prove that the proposed IBE scheme is indistinguishable against the adaptive chosen identities and chosen-plaintext attack in the standard model. Moreover, the message-to-ciphtertext expanse factor of this scheme is also controlled efficiently which is nearly closed to that of Gentry's scheme. Due to the quantum intractability of the LWE problem on which the scheme is based, the proposed IBE scheme is secure even in quantum-era.
The Learning with Errors (LWE) problem is a special average-case lattice problem, which has proved to be as hard as worst-case lattice problems. By this property, it has become the cornerstones for a series of cryptographic applications under the security assumption of worst-case lattice problems. However, the efficiency of these applications are not high. Therefore, how to improve the efficiency of cryptographic applications based on LWE is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, a new variant of LWE is proposed. By using trapdoor composed by lattice-based matrix and its dual orthogonal matrix, we construct a more efficient public key encryption (PKE) scheme based on the variant. Furthermore, by the hardness of the variant problem, we prove the new PKE scheme is chosen plaintext attack (CPA) secure. At last, we analyze the homomorphism property of the new PKE scheme.
An efficient identity-based encryption (IBE) scheme over lattice is proposed in this paper. Under the hardness of the learning with errors (LWE) problem, the proposed scheme is semantic secure against adaptive chosen identity and chosen plaintext attack in the standard model. To improve the efficiency of the lattice-based IBE scheme, unlike the identity string is encoded into a matrix by a group of public matrices in several known constructions, the identity string of l bits is encoded into a vector with the help of l+1 vectors in this paper. With the help of this idea, we achieve the private key extraction of IBE scheme at the same lattice. Then, the public key of the proposed scheme only consists of one n×m matrix and l+1 vectors, compared with that the public keys of the known lattice-based IBE schemes all consist as a group of n×m matrices. Hence, the public key size of this scheme is shorter than that of the known constructions.