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Communications in Theoretical Physics

New Representation for Squeezing-Rotating Entangled Unitary Transformation

Fan Hong-Yi, Fan Yue

Published Jun 15, 2000• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce a new unitary operator which can engender a squeezing and rotating entangled transformation. The operator has a concise expression in a new representation in two-mode Fock space. The normally ordered form of can be derived by using the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. The fluctuation in quadrature phases for these squeezing-rotating entangled states are analyzed.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/33/4/701

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We introduce a new unitary operator which can engender a squeezing and rotating entangled transformation. The operator has a concise expression in a new representation in two-mode Fock space. The normally ordered form of can be derived by using the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators. The fluctuation in quadrature phases for these squeezing-rotating entangled states are analyzed.
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By virtue of the squeezing-rotating entangled representation, we mainly establish the new two-mode phase operator and phase angle operator, which is a general form including the foregoing formalist in two-mode Fock space. In addition, the corresponding phase distribution function is given in the entangled representation. In terms of this definition, we also analyze the phase behavior of some simple two-mode states such as squeezing-rotating coherent state, squeezing-rotating vacuum state, and so on. It is found that the results exactly agree with the foregoing phase theory.
We point out that the compact exponential operator (where are real; and are momentum and coordinate operators, respectively; the units of is taken, and are harmonic oscillator's mass and frequency, respectively) is a generalized single-mode squeeze operator which can generate mixed squeezing and rotating transformations. The decomposition of as a product of a squeeze operator and a rotating operator is derived through the technique of integration within an ordered product. The fluctuation in quadrature phases for the squeezed vacuum state generated by is analyzed.
We find that the exponential operators U=exp[-i(${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{1}$Q1{\mathit{Q}}_{1}Q1​P2{\mathit{P}}_{2}P2​+${\ensuremath{\lambda}}^{2}$Q2{\mathit{Q}}_{2}Q2​P1{\mathit{P}}_{1}P1​] and W=exp[-i(${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{1}$Q1{\mathit{Q}}_{1}Q1​Q2{\mathit{Q}}_{2}Q2​-${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{2}$pP1{\mathrm{P}}_{1}P1​P2{\mathit{P}}_{2}P2​)] (where ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{2}$ are real; Pi{P}_{i}Pi​ and Qi{Q}_{i}Qi​ are coordinate and momentum operators, respectively; and i=1,2) are two types of generalized squeezing operators responsible for generating two types of one- and two-mode combination squeezed states, respectively. The coordinate and/or momentum representations of U and W are presented, and their normal product forms are first derived in terms of the newly developed technique of integration within an ordered product, which provides us with a direct approach to constructing these new squeezed states. The fluctuations in quadrature phases for these states are analyzed.
The coherent-intermediate-entangled state |α, x ⟩ λ,ν is proposed in the two-mode Fock Space, which exhibits both the properties of the coherent and entangled states. The |α, x ⟩ λ,ν makes up a new quantum mechanical representation, and the completeness relation of |α, x ⟩ λ,ν is proved by virtue of the technique of integral within an ordered product of operators. The corresponding squeezing operators are derived. Furthermore, Generalized P-representation is constructed in the coherent-intermediate-entangled state |α, x ⟩ λ,ν and the Schmidt decomposition of |α, x ⟩ λ,ν is investigated.