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Physical Review A

Resonant coherent excitation of the lithiumlike uranium ion: A scheme for heavy-ion spectroscopy

Yuji Nakano, Y. Takano, Tokihiro Ikeda, Yasuyuki Kanai, S Suda, T. Azuma, H. Bräuning, A. Bräuning-Demian, D. Dauvergne, Th. Stöhlker, Y. Yamazaki

Published Jun 7, 2013• 23 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report our observation of the resonant fluorescence from highly charged uranium ions. Using the resonant coherent excitation (RCE) technique, the $2s$-$2{p}_{3/2}$ transition in 191.68 MeV/u Li-like U${}^{89+}$ ions was excited at 4.5 keV with a resonance width of 4.4 eV. The result demonstrated that the RCE can be applied to resonant fluorescence spectroscopy of high-$Z$ ions up to uranium with high efficiency and resolution.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.87.060501

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We report our observation of the resonant fluorescence from highly charged uranium ions. Using the resonant coherent excitation (RCE) technique, the 2s2s2s-2p3/22{p}_{3/2}2p3/2​ transition in 191.68 MeV/u Li-like U89+{}^{89+}89+ ions was excited at 4.5 keV with a resonance width of 4.4 eV. The result demonstrated that the RCE can be applied to resonant fluorescence spectroscopy of high-ZZZ ions up to uranium with high efficiency and resolution.
Energy spectra of ultracold Rydberg lithium atoms are discussed. Our technique has been used for the experimental observation of coherent and non-coherent components of two-step excitation in Rydberg states. The high sensitivity of the technique has allowed us to record narrow coherent resonance at 2 P -41 D . The width of this resonance is 3 times less than width of non-coherent resonance. The coherent resonance is observed when the laser is detuned by ±803.5 MHz from the atomic transition 2 P 3/2 .
Laser-induced photoionization and fluorescence signals were simultaneously observed in atomic uranium using a single Nd:YAG-pumped dye laser. These signals were recorded in two specific cases. In the first case, the dye laser was resonant to the first-step transition (0–16900.38 cm−1). In the second case, the laser was near-resonant to the first-step transition with a slight detuning (0.15 cm−1) so that it became two-photon resonant at 33801.06 cm−1. The uranium atoms in the ground state were ionized by a single-color, three-photon photoionization technique resulting in the photoionization signal, and the fluorescence signal was simultaneously obtained from the first excited state involved in the photoionization process. The photoionization and the fluorescence signals in the above-mentioned cases were also estimated theoretically for several values of the photoionization cross section for the transition between the second excited state at 33801.06 cm−1 and the autoionization state at 50701.59 cm−1 using density matrix formalism. From the comparison of theoretically calculated ratios of fluorescence signals in the two specific cases with the experimentally obtained values, the photoionization cross section for the 33801.06–50701.59 cm−1 transition has been obtained, which is found to be (5±1)×10−16 cm2.
Ion traps are of current interest for high precision measurements of atomic splitting frequencies and they are widely discussed as new frequency standards [1, 2]. Recently they have also successfully been used to perform quantum jump experiments [3, 4]. The ion storage technique can successfully be applied to observe ions for long periods without perturbations and thus to eliminate transit time broadening and collisional effects. We were interested to make high resolution level splitting measurements with Yb ions which are proposed as a proper candidate in ion trap frequency standards [1]. When resonantly exciting the ions to the 6p2P1/2-state we measured a rapidly decreasing fluorescence signal. In order to explain this phenomenon we have investigated the excitation scheme of Yb+ in more detail (see Fig. 1).
Modulation of the intensity of light emitted by Sr+(2P32){\mathrm{Sr}}^{+}(^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}})Sr+(2P23​​) ions at the resonance frequency of metastable helium atoms has been observed, demonstrating that coherence has been transferred in the Penning collision. The coherent excitation of the Penning ions suggests that the techniques of "coherence spectroscopy" such as level-crossing and Hanle experiments can be extended to excited states of Penning ions which are currently inaccessible by means of optical excitation.