Physical Review A

Photoassociation spectroscopy of Ca40 measured with kilohertz accuracy near the 3P1+1S0 asymptote and its Zeeman effect

Max Kahmann, E. Tiemann, Oliver Appel, Uwe Sterr, F. Riehle

Published Feb 12, 2014• 8 citations

Abstract

We report on measurements of narrow photoassociation lines of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ near the ${}^{3}{P}_{1}$ + ${}^{1}{S}_{0}$ asymptote related to the molecular states ${}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}$ and ${}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}$ at about 1 $\ensuremath{\mu}$K. From the measured binding energies an accurate description of the long-range interaction potentials was obtained; it was found to be crucial to also include the precisely measured molecular Zeeman splittings. Our analysis is a first step towards application of optical Feshbach resonances in $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ to modify the scattering length significantly with small losses.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.89.023413

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Physical Review A

Photoassociation spectroscopy of Ca40 measured with kilohertz accuracy near the 3P1+1S0 asymptote and its Zeeman effect

Max Kahmann, E. Tiemann, Oliver Appel, Uwe Sterr, F. Riehle

Published Feb 12, 2014• 8 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We report on measurements of narrow photoassociation lines of

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

near the

{}^{3}{P}_{1}

{}^{1}{S}_{0}

asymptote related to the molecular states

{}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}

and

{}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}

at about 1

\ensuremath{\mu}

K. From the measured binding energies an accurate description of the long-range interaction potentials was obtained; it was found to be crucial to also include the precisely measured molecular Zeeman splittings. Our analysis is a first step towards application of optical Feshbach resonances in

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

to modify the scattering length significantly with small losses.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.89.023413

Related papers

High accuracy photoassociation of $^{40}$ Ca near the ${^3P_1}+{^1S_0}$ asymptote and its Zeeman effectHigh accuracy photoassociation of $^{40}$Ca near the ${^3P_1}+{^1S_0}$ asymptote and its Zeeman effect

Max Kahmann, E. Tiemann, Appel, Oliver +2 more

We report on the first measurement of narrow photoassociation lines of $^{40}$ Ca near the ${^3P_1}+{^1S_0}$ asymptote related to the molecular states $^3Π_u$ and $^3Σ^+_u$ . The highly accurate binding energies and Zeeman splittings are well described by a coupled channel theoretical model, confirming theoretical predictions of long-range coefficients. Our analysis shows that only the inclusion of both energies and Zeeman splittings provides an accurate description of the long-range interaction potentials.We report on the first measurement of narrow photoassociation lines of $^{40}$Ca near the ${^3P_1}+{^1S_0}$ asymptote related to the molecular states $^3Π_u$ and $^3Σ^+_u$. The highly accurate binding energies and Zeeman splittings are well described by a coupled channel theoretical model, confirming theoretical predictions of long-range coefficients. Our analysis shows that only the inclusion of both energies and Zeeman splittings provides an accurate description of the long-range interaction potentials.

arXiv:1306.6473Jun 27, 20130 citations

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E. Tiemann, Max Kahmann, Evgenij Pachomow +2 more

We present calculations of the Zeeman effect of narrow photoassociation lines of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ near the $^{3}P_{1}+^{1}S_{0}$ asymptote. Using a coupled-channel model we find a nonlinear Zeeman effect that even at low fields of a few mT amounts to several kHz. With this model we analyze previous measurements and give corrected long-range dispersion coefficients of the $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}$ and $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}$ states.We present calculations of the Zeeman effect of narrow photoassociation lines of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ near the $^{3}P_{1}+^{1}S_{0}$ asymptote. Using a coupled-channel model we find a nonlinear Zeeman effect that even at low fields of a few mT amounts to several kHz. With this model we analyze previous measurements and give corrected long-range dispersion coefficients of the $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}$ and $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}$ states.

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Narrow Line Photoassociation in an Optical Lattice

Tanya Zelevinsky, Martin M. Boyd, Andrew D. Ludlow +5 more

With ultracold 88Sr in a 1D magic wavelength optical lattice, we performed narrow-line photoassociation spectroscopy near the 1S0 - 3P1 intercombination transition. Nine least-bound vibrational molecular levels associated with the long-range 0u and 1u potential energy surfaces were measured and identified. A simple theoretical model accurately describes the level positions and treats the effects of the lattice confinement on the line shapes. The measured resonance strengths show that optical tuning of the ground state scattering length should be possible without significant atom loss.With ultracold 88Sr in a 1D magic wavelength optical lattice, we performed narrow-line photoassociation spectroscopy near the 1S0 - 3P1 intercombination transition. Nine least-bound vibrational molecular levels associated with the long-range 0u and 1u potential energy surfaces were measured and identified. A simple theoretical model accurately describes the level positions and treats the effects of the lattice confinement on the line shapes. The measured resonance strengths show that optical tuning of the ground state scattering length should be possible without significant atom loss.

arXiv:physics/0602135Physical Review LettersMay 22, 2006111 citations

Ground-state properties of Ca2 from narrow-line two-color photoassociation

Evgenij Pachomow, Veit Peter Dahlke, E. Tiemann +2 more

By two-color photoassociation of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ four weakly bound vibrational levels in the ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{2} X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{g}^{+}$ ground-state potential were measured, using highly spin-forbidden transitions to intermediate states of the coupled system ${^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{u}$ and ${^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{u}^{+}$ near the ${^{3}P}_{1}+{^{1}S}_{0}$ asymptote. From the observed binding energies, including the least bound state, the long-range dispersion coefficients ${\mathrm{C}}_{6},{\mathrm{C}}_{8},{\mathrm{C}}_{10}$ and a precise value for the $s$ -wave scattering length of 308.5(50) ${a}_{0}$ were derived. From mass scaling we also calculated the corresponding scattering length for other natural isotopes. From the Autler-Townes splitting of the spectra, the molecular Rabi frequency has been determined as a function of the laser intensity for one bound-bound transition. The observed value for the Rabi frequency is in good agreement with calculated transition moments based on the derived potentials, assuming a dipole moment being independent of internuclear separation for the atomic pair model.By two-color photoassociation of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ four weakly bound vibrational levels in the ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{2} X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{g}^{+}$ ground-state potential were measured, using highly spin-forbidden transitions to intermediate states of the coupled system ${^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{u}$ and ${^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{u}^{+}$ near the ${^{3}P}_{1}+{^{1}S}_{0}$ asymptote. From the observed binding energies, including the least bound state, the long-range dispersion coefficients ${\mathrm{C}}_{6},{\mathrm{C}}_{8},{\mathrm{C}}_{10}$ and a precise value for the $s$-wave scattering length of 308.5(50)${a}_{0}$ were derived. From mass scaling we also calculated the corresponding scattering length for other natural isotopes. From the Autler-Townes splitting of the spectra, the molecular Rabi frequency has been determined as a function of the laser intensity for one bound-bound transition. The observed value for the Rabi frequency is in good agreement with calculated transition moments based on the derived potentials, assuming a dipole moment being independent of internuclear separation for the atomic pair model.

arXiv:1702.00710Physical Review AApr 25, 201714 citations

Photoassociation spectroscopy of cold calcium atoms

C. Degenhardt, T. Binnewies, G. Wilpers +4 more

Photoassociation spectroscopy experiments on ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ atoms close to the dissociation limit ${4s4s}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{-}{4s4p}^{1}{P}_{1}$ are presented. The vibronic spectrum was measured for detunings of the photoassociation laser ranging from 0.6 to 68 GHz with respect to the atomic resonance. In contrast to previous measurements, the rotational splitting of the vibrational lines was fully resolved. Full quantum-mechanical numerical simulations of the photoassociation spectrum were performed which allowed us to put constraints on the possible range of the calcium scattering length between ${50a}_{0}$ and ${300a}_{0}.$ Photoassociation spectroscopy experiments on ${}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ atoms close to the dissociation limit ${4s4s}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{-}{4s4p}^{1}{P}_{1}$ are presented. The vibronic spectrum was measured for detunings of the photoassociation laser ranging from 0.6 to 68 GHz with respect to the atomic resonance. In contrast to previous measurements, the rotational splitting of the vibrational lines was fully resolved. Full quantum-mechanical numerical simulations of the photoassociation spectrum were performed which allowed us to put constraints on the possible range of the calcium scattering length between ${50a}_{0}$ and ${300a}_{0}.$

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Wave-Function Reconstruction for the Determination of the Scattering Length of Sr

Masami Yasuda, T. Kishimoto, Masao Takamoto +1 more

We have investigated the photoassociation (PA) spectra of ultracold $^{88}$ Sr atoms near the $5s^2 ^1S_0+5s5p ^1P_1$ atomic asymptote. The intensity modulation of the PA lines was used to reconstruct the ground-state scattering wave function, whose nodal point inferred the s-wave scattering length of $a=1.1(2)$ nm. The observed PA resonances also determined a precise lifetime of the $^1P_1$ state to be 5.263(4) ns.We have investigated the photoassociation (PA) spectra of ultracold $^{88}$Sr atoms near the $5s^2 ^1S_0+5s5p ^1P_1$ atomic asymptote. The intensity modulation of the PA lines was used to reconstruct the ground-state scattering wave function, whose nodal point inferred the s-wave scattering length of $a=1.1(2)$ nm. The observed PA resonances also determined a precise lifetime of the $^1P_1$ state to be 5.263(4) ns.

arXiv:physics/0501053Jan 11, 20051 citation

We report on measurements of narrow photoassociation lines of

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

near the

{}^{3}{P}_{1}

{}^{1}{S}_{0}

asymptote related to the molecular states

{}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}

and

{}^{3}{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}

at about 1

\ensuremath{\mu}

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

to modify the scattering length significantly with small losses.

High accuracy photoassociation of

^{40}

Ca near the

{^3P_1}+{^1S_0}

asymptote and its Zeeman effect

We report on the first measurement of narrow photoassociation lines of

^{40}

Ca near the

{^3P_1}+{^1S_0}

asymptote related to the molecular states

^3Π_u

and

^3Σ^+_u

. The highly accurate binding energies and Zeeman splittings are well described by a coupled channel theoretical model, confirming theoretical predictions of long-range coefficients. Our analysis shows that only the inclusion of both energies and Zeeman splittings provides an accurate description of the long-range interaction potentials.

We present calculations of the Zeeman effect of narrow photoassociation lines of

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

near the

^{3}P_{1}+^{1}S_{0}

asymptote. Using a coupled-channel model we find a nonlinear Zeeman effect that even at low fields of a few mT amounts to several kHz. With this model we analyze previous measurements and give corrected long-range dispersion coefficients of the $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}_{u}$ and $^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}_{u}^{+}$ states.

By two-color photoassociation of

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

four weakly bound vibrational levels in the ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{2} X{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{1}{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{g}^{+}$ ground-state potential were measured, using highly spin-forbidden transitions to intermediate states of the coupled system ${^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Pi}}}_{u}$ and ${^{3}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Sigma}}}_{u}^{+}$ near the

{^{3}P}_{1}+{^{1}S}_{0}

asymptote. From the observed binding energies, including the least bound state, the long-range dispersion coefficients

{\mathrm{C}}_{6},{\mathrm{C}}_{8},{\mathrm{C}}_{10}

and a precise value for the

s

-wave scattering length of 308.5(50)

{a}_{0}

were derived. From mass scaling we also calculated the corresponding scattering length for other natural isotopes. From the Autler-Townes splitting of the spectra, the molecular Rabi frequency has been determined as a function of the laser intensity for one bound-bound transition. The observed value for the Rabi frequency is in good agreement with calculated transition moments based on the derived potentials, assuming a dipole moment being independent of internuclear separation for the atomic pair model.

Photoassociation spectroscopy experiments on

{}^{40}\mathrm{Ca}

atoms close to the dissociation limit ${4s4s}^{1}{S}_{0}\ensuremath{-}{4s4p}^{1}{P}_{1}$ are presented. The vibronic spectrum was measured for detunings of the photoassociation laser ranging from 0.6 to 68 GHz with respect to the atomic resonance. In contrast to previous measurements, the rotational splitting of the vibrational lines was fully resolved. Full quantum-mechanical numerical simulations of the photoassociation spectrum were performed which allowed us to put constraints on the possible range of the calcium scattering length between

{50a}_{0}

and

{300a}_{0}.

We have investigated the photoassociation (PA) spectra of ultracold

^{88}

Sr atoms near the $5s^2 ^1S_0+5s5p ^1P_1$ atomic asymptote. The intensity modulation of the PA lines was used to reconstruct the ground-state scattering wave function, whose nodal point inferred the s-wave scattering length of

a=1.1(2)

nm. The observed PA resonances also determined a precise lifetime of the

^1P_1

state to be 5.263(4) ns.