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Chinese Physics Letters

Velocity Transfer Spectroscopy of Rb 420 nm Transition

Liguo Zhang, Zhongzheng Liu, Zhiming Tao, Li Ling, Jingbiao Chen

Published Aug 1, 2014• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose and demonstrate the velocity transfer spectroscopy of a V-type energy structure with Rb atoms at 420 nm transition. The weak oscillator strength of a lower excited state for V-type energy structure atoms limits the high signal-to-noise ratio of atomic laser spectroscopy, which can be usually realized by optical-optical double-resonance or double-resonance optical pumping for cascade-type energy structure atoms. For 87 Rb atoms, the weak 420 nm transition spectrum between the energy level of 5 2 S 1/2 and 6 2 P 3/2 is transferred to the spectrum on lower excited states at 780 nm with strong oscillator strength, which is recorded by a 780 nm probe laser. This method, which is similar to the electron-shelving detection method, at a certain degree can indirectly measure a higher excited state transition with weak oscillator strength for any V-type energy structure of atoms by transferring the transition spectrum information of the very weak oscillator strength to the strong oscillator strength in an optical-optical double-resonance configuration.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/31/8/083101

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We propose and demonstrate the velocity transfer spectroscopy of a V-type energy structure with Rb atoms at 420 nm transition. The weak oscillator strength of a lower excited state for V-type energy structure atoms limits the high signal-to-noise ratio of atomic laser spectroscopy, which can be usually realized by optical-optical double-resonance or double-resonance optical pumping for cascade-type energy structure atoms. For 87 Rb atoms, the weak 420 nm transition spectrum between the energy level of 5 2 S 1/2 and 6 2 P 3/2 is transferred to the spectrum on lower excited states at 780 nm with strong oscillator strength, which is recorded by a 780 nm probe laser. This method, which is similar to the electron-shelving detection method, at a certain degree can indirectly measure a higher excited state transition with weak oscillator strength for any V-type energy structure of atoms by transferring the transition spectrum information of the very weak oscillator strength to the strong oscillator strength in an optical-optical double-resonance configuration.
Double resonance optical pumping spectroscopy has an outstanding advantage of high signal-to-noise ratio, thus having potential applications in precision measurement. With the counter propagated 780 nm and 776 nm laser beams acting on a rubidium vapor cell, the high resolution spectrum of 5 S 1/2 − 5 P 3/2 − 5 D 5/2 ladder-type transition of 87 Rb atoms is obtained by monitoring the population of the 5 S 1/2 ground state. The dependence of the spectroscopy lineshape on the probe and coupling fields are comprehensively studied in theory and experiment. This research is helpful for measurement of fundamental physical constants by high resolution spectroscopy.
In this paper, we present experimental techniques to resolve the closely spaced hyperfine levels of a weak transition by eliminating the residual or partial two-photon Doppler broadening and crossover resonances in a wavelength-mismatched double-resonance spectroscopy. The elimination of the partial Doppler broadening is based on velocity-induced population oscillation (VIPO) and velocity-selective saturation (VSS) effects followed by the subtraction of the broad background of the two-photon spectrum. Since the VIPO and VSS effects are the phenomena for near-zero-velocity group atoms, the subtraction gives rise to Doppler-free peaks and the closely spaced hyperfine levels of the 6P3/26{P}_{3/2}6P3/2​ state in Rb are well resolved. The double-resonance experiment is conducted on the $5{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}5{P}_{3/2}$ strong transition (at 780 nm) and $5{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{P}_{3/2}$ weak transition (at 420 nm) at room temperature.
Abstract We report on the characterization of Doppler-free resonances detected by probing the 5S 1/2 → 6P 3/2 transition of the 87 Rb atom at 420 nm. Compared to the commonly studied 5S → 5P transition, the 5S → 6P transition offers advantages of higher transition frequency and narrower natural linewidth. We investigate how the pump laser intensity and cell temperature affect the linewidth and amplitude of the saturated absorption signal for the 420-nm second excited state transition 5S 1/2 ( F = 2) → 6P 3/2 in 87 Rb atoms. Furthermore, we introduce a 795-nm repump laser to improve the quality of the saturated absorption signal. At a relatively low vapor cell temperature of 43 °C, the amplitude-to-linewidth ratio increased by 110%. These results are highly relevant for the development of stable ultraviolet laser sources and their associated applications.
We mainly report the 728.0 nm transition between 7S 1/2 and 5P 1/2 laser spectroscopy of an electrodeless discharge Rb vapor lamp, which is the clock transition of a potential four-level active optical clock, once laser cooled and trapped Rb atoms are pumped by 359.2 nm laser. To realize this proposition, we study the linewidth and absorption characteristics of the 728.0 nm laser absorption spectrum of a rubidium electrodeless discharge vapor lamp with varying lamp temperature and rf driving power respectively, measured by an external cavity diode laser in a Littrow configuration. The measured 728.0 nm spectrum of a glass cell filled with Rb and Ar buffer gases in the electrodeless discharge Rb lamp based Faraday filter stabilized laser can be a heterodyne comparison reference for the weak power output of a possible cold Rb four-level active optical clock at 728.0 nm clock transition with laser cooled and trapped atoms. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been any research reported on Rb 728.0 nm laser spectroscopy in detail.
We present two-color modulation transfer spectroscopy as a tool for precision studies of atomic properties of excited states. The bi-colored technique addresses a narrow set of velocity groups of a thermal atomic vapour using a two-step transition to “burn a hole” in the velocity distribution. The resulting spectrum presents sub-Doppler linewidths, good signal-to-noise ratio and the trademark sidebands that work as an {in situ} ruler for the energy spacing between atomic resonances. The spectra obtained can be used for different applications such as measurements of energy splittings or stabilization of laser frequencies to excited atomic transitions.PACS Nos.: 32.10.Fn, 32.30.–r, 42.50.Gy, 42.60.Fc
Laser spectroscopy experiments are reported on rubidium atoms by using two or three external cavity diode lasers to study multiple resonance transitions in Λ- and V-type systems as well as on (Λ+V)-type system. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) peaks having sub-natural line-widths are found on the Doppler broadened transmission backgrounds with velocity selective enhanced absorption dips. In the presence of a pump laser, probe spectrum shows enhancement of EIT signal by tuning the control laser frequency when the Λ- and V-type EIT signals are made to overlap. Theoretical analysis is carried out by solving the optical Bloch equations for five-level atomic model under Λ configuration. With the numerically simulated spectra, variation of EIT transmission peak with ground state decay rate and excited state spontaneous decay rate are investigated. Effect of pump Rabi frequency on the transmission peak is also shown.