Physical Review A
Scaling of the density profiles of cold atoms near the quantum critical point in two- and three-dimensional optical lattices
T. A. Zaleski, T. K. Kopeć
Abstract
We study the critical behavior near the quantum critical point of strongly interacting bosons placed in an optical lattice. Using the combined Bogoliubov method and the quantum rotor approach, we map the Hamiltonian of strongly interacting bosons onto $U(1)$ phase action in order to calculate analytically the density profiles as a function of hopping and reduced chemical potential. Our approach allows us to explicitly compute the scaling form of the density ${n}_{s}$ for systems confined in two-dimensional square and three-dimensional cubic lattices. We find a good convergence of ${n}_{s}$ with the universal scaling function in a wide temperature range that is accessible in the current experiments on the density profiles in cold bosonic systems.