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A Note on Interlaced Quantum Teleportation

Brendan Fong

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In Higher Quantum Theory [2], Vicary outlines a generalisation of the usual quantum teleportation protocol, based on the idea of interlacing two separate teleportation procedures. We show here that the protocol he specifies is impossible to implement with qubits. 1 Background An appealing strength of categorical quantum mechanics, initiated by Abramsky and Coecke [1], is that the categorical framework gives a graphical language for expressing quantum operations. Vicary has extended this framework to 2-categories, allowing regions of space that represent classical information [2]. This, to give an example, allows the quantum teleportation protocol to be expressed by the following equality of diagrams, where μ represents measurement with respect to some basis, and ν is a correction corresponding to the measurement outcome:

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In Higher Quantum Theory [2], Vicary outlines a generalisation of the usual quantum teleportation protocol, based on the idea of interlacing two separate teleportation procedures. We show here that the protocol he specifies is impossible to implement with qubits. 1 Background An appealing strength of categorical quantum mechanics, initiated by Abramsky and Coecke [1], is that the categorical framework gives a graphical language for expressing quantum operations. Vicary has extended this framework to 2-categories, allowing regions of space that represent classical information [2]. This, to give an example, allows the quantum teleportation protocol to be expressed by the following equality of diagrams, where μ represents measurement with respect to some basis, and ν is a correction corresponding to the measurement outcome:
We propose a higher semantics for the description of quantum protocols, which deals with quantum and classical information in a unified way. Central to our approach is the modelling of classical data by information transfer to the environment, and the use of 2-category theory to formalize the resulting framework. This 2-categorical semantics has a graphical calculus, the diagrams of which correspond exactly to physically-implementable quantum procedures. Quantum teleportation in its most general sense is reformulated as the ability to remove correlations between a quantum system and its environment, and is represented by an elegant graphical identity. We use this new formalism to describe two new families of quantum protocols.
Quantum Information Processing (QIP) exploits the principles of quantum mechanics to perform information storage, communication, and computation in ways that are fundamentally impossible within classical frameworks. This article presents a pedagogical overview of the mathematical foundations of quantum information theory, including qubits, Hilbert spaces, linear operators, quantum measurements, tensor products, density operators, and quantum entanglement. Building upon these concepts, we provide a detailed introduction to quantum teleportation, one of the most remarkable protocols in quantum communication. The discussion covers the no cloning theorem, the original teleportation protocol by Bennett et al., experimental realisations of quantum teleportation, and extensions involving probabilistic and multiqubit teleportation schemes. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of entanglement as a communication resource, together with the study of teleportation channels based on bipartite and multipartite quantum states. Various quantitative measures of entanglement, including concurrence, negativity, entanglement of formation, and relative entropy of entanglement, are reviewed alongside teleportation fidelity as a performance metric. Furthermore, the interplay between Bell nonlocality, mixed state entanglement, and teleportation efficiency is examined, followed by a survey of advanced developments such as controlled teleportation, bidirectional teleportation, cluster state teleportation, and recent advances in the Quantum 2.0 era. This review aims to provide students, researchers, and engineers with a coherent introduction to the theoretical foundations and practical significance of quantum teleportation in emerging quantum technologies.
This is the first paper in a series where we generalize the Categorical Quantum Mechanics program (due to Abramsky, Coecke, et al) to braided systems. In our view a uniform description of quantum information for braided systems has not yet emerged. The picture is complicated by a diversity of examples that lacks a unifying framework for proving theorems and discovering new protocols. We use category theory to construct a high-level language that abstracts the quantum mechanical properties of braided systems. We exploit this framework to propose an axiomatic description of braided quantum information intended for topological quantum computation. In this installment we first generalize the primordial Abramsky-Coecke "quantum information flow" paradigm from compact closed categories to right-rigid strict monoidal categories. We then study dagger structures for rigid and/or braided categories and formulate a graphical dagger calculus. We then propose two generalizations of strongly compact closed categories. Finally we study partial traces in the context of dagger categories.
As shown by Abramsky and Coecke, quantum mechanics can be studied in terms of dagger compact closed categories with biproducts. Within this structure, many well-known quantum protocols can be described and their validity can be shown by establishing the commutativity of certain diagrams in that category. In this paper, we propose an explicit realisation of a category with enough structure to check the validity of a certain class of quantum protocols. In order to do this, we construct a category based on 1-dimensional cobordisms with attached elements of a certain group freely generated by a finite set. We use this category as a graphical language, and we show that it is dagger compact closed with biproducts. Then, relying on the coherence result for compact closed categories, proved by Kelly and Laplaza, we show the coherence result, which enables us to check the validity of quantum protocols just by drawing diagrams. In particular, we show the validity of quantum teleportation, entanglement swapping (as formulated in the work of Abramsky and Coecke) and superdense coding protocol.