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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Eigenvalue degeneracy relations for a fully connected isotropic spin network

Mark W. Coffey, Grant Allen

Published Mar 7, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present and prove identities for the eigenvalue degeneracy of a fully connected spin network with isotropic spin coupling. Such a network has application to quantum information processing, especially for solid-state implementations, and in fact the qubit case with anisotropic coupling has been recently realized. One set of proofs and other relations for the case of qubits is given in the context of hypergeometric summation. We then generalize to arbitrary spin, using combinatorial arguments.

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We present and prove identities for the eigenvalue degeneracy of a fully connected spin network with isotropic spin coupling. Such a network has application to quantum information processing, especially for solid-state implementations, and in fact the qubit case with anisotropic coupling has been recently realized. One set of proofs and other relations for the case of qubits is given in the context of hypergeometric summation. We then generalize to arbitrary spin, using combinatorial arguments.
We expand a set of notions recently introduced providing the general setting for a universal representation of the quantum structure on which quantum information stands. The dynamical evolution process associated with generic quantum information manipulation is based on the (re)coupling theory of SU(2) angular momenta. Such scheme automatically incorporates all the essential features that make quantum information encoding much more efficient than classical: it is fully discrete; it deals with inherently entangled states, naturally endowed with a tensor product structure; it allows for generic encoding patterns. The model proposed can be thought of as the non-Boolean generalization of the quantum circuit model, with unitary gates expressed in terms of 3nj coefficients connecting inequivalent binary coupling schemes of n+1 angular momentum variables, as well as Wigner rotations in the eigenspace of the total angular momentum. A crucial role is played by elementary j-gates (6j symbols) which satisfy algebraic identities that make the structure of the model similar to "state sum models", employed in discretizing Topological Quantum Field Theories and quantum gravity. The spin network simulator can thus be viewed also as a Combinatorial QFT model for computation. The semiclassical limit (large j's) is discussed.
On the RRR-matrix identities related to elliptic anisotropic spin Ruijsenaars–Macdonald operators
We propose and prove a set of identities for the elliptic GLMGL_MGLM​ RRR -matrix (in the fundamental representation). In the scalar case ( M=1M=1M=1 ), these are elliptic function identities derived by Ruijsenaars as necessary and sufficient conditions for his kernel identity underlying the construction of integral solutions of quantum spinless Ruijsenaars–Schneider model. In this respect, our result can be regarded as a first step toward constructing solutions of the quantum eigenvalue problem for the anisotropic spin Ruijsenaars model.
The spin degree of freedom has become subject to one of the broadest and most intensively studied fields of research in physics. The present thesis is part of this field and deals with so-called central spin models. The thesis is devided into two parts. In the first one we investigate very basic properties of central spin models on an abstract level. We introduce a new, or rather enhanced, notion of quantum integrability. From this we derive an explicit and, to a certain extent, analytical relation between integrability and decoherence. Then we specify a model of two coupled Gaudin models with all coupling constants being equal to each other (``homogeneous''). We numerically study the spectral properties of the model and find the spectrum to exhibit systematically degenerate multiplets. We briefly discuss possible applications in solid state quantum information processing. The second part is devoted to concrete physical considerations in the context of solid state quantum information processing. Here we consider two exchange coupled electron spins confined in semiconductor quantum dots and evaluate the hyperfine induced spin dynamics for the case of a weak magnetic field applied to the electron spins by exact methods. In a first step we consider the two exchange coupled electron spins to interact with the same bath of nuclear spins via homogeneous couplings. In particular we derive a scaling law for the decoherence time. In a second step we try to turn vice into virtue by investigating to what extent it is possible to swap and entangle two separate nuclear spin baths. Surprisingly, it turns out that a nuclear swap is possible for weakly coupled nuclear spin baths of realistic size, but not for smaller ones. We indicate that under the same circumstances it should also be possible to fully entangle the baths. We close the thesis with a summary and an outlook on further important questions.
We generalize the recently proposed Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger tripartite protocol [A. Galiautdinov and J. M. Martinis, Phys. Rev. A 78, 010305(R) (2008)] to fully connected networks of weakly coupled qubits interacting by way of anisotropic Heisenberg exchange $g(XX+YY)+\stackrel{\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}}{g}ZZ$. Our model differs from the more familiar Ising-Heisenberg chain in that here every qubit interacts with every other qubit in the circuit. The assumption of identical couplings on all qubit pairs allows an elegant proof of the protocol for arbitrary NNN. In order to further make contact with experiment, we study fidelity degradation due to coupling imperfections by numerically simulating the N=3N=3N=3 and 4 cases. Our simulations indicate that the best fidelity at unequal couplings is achieved when (a) the system is initially prepared in the uniform superposition state (similarly to how it is done in the ideal case) and (b) the entangling time and the final rotations on each of the qubits are appropriately adjusted.