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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Theory of long-range photoassociation of ultracold atoms with ultracold molecules

Olivier Dulieu, Jesús Pérez‐Ríos, Maxence Lepers

Published Jun 4, 2013• 0 citations
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The creation of ultracold molecules is currently limited to diatomic species. In this Letter, we present a theoretical description of the photoassociation of ultracold atoms and molecules to create ultracold excited triatomic molecules, thus being a novel example of a light-assisted ultracold chemical reaction. The calculation of the photoassociation rate of an ultracold Cs_{2} molecule in its rovibrational ground state with an ultracold Cs atom at frequencies close to its resonant excitation is reported, based on the solution of the quantum dynamics involving the atom-molecule long-range interactions and assuming a model potential for the short-range physics. The rate for the formation of excited Cs_{3} molecules is predicted to be comparable with currently observed atom-atom photoassociation rates. We formulate an experimental proposal to observe this process relying on the available techniques of optical lattices and standard photoassociation spectroscopy.
Abstract The use of photoassociation of cold atoms has permitted the first demonstration of ultracold molecules in the microKelvin range. In this article we report the mechanisms and the dynamics studied in the case of the cesium dimer. The first key point is the efficiency of photoassociation for long‐range molecules, which involves a R−3 long‐range potential (R = interatomic distance) due to the dipole‐dipole interaction in the electronically excited potentials. The second one is the existence of the Condon point at intermediate distance to “stabilize” the electronically excited molecules reached by photoassociation after spontaneous decay towards ground state. Several molecular configurations are analyzed such as the so‐called double‐well route or the internal coupling route. We show the possibility to extend these concepts to the case of heteronuclear systems.