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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Phase Measurement of a Fano Resonance Using Tunable Attosecond Pulses

A Jiménez-Galánz, Marija Kotur, D. Guénot, David Kroon, Esben Witting Larsen, M. Louisy, Samuel Bengtsson, Miguel Miranda, J. Mauritsson, Cord L. Arnold, Sophie E. Canton, Mathieu Gisselbrecht, Thomas Carette, Jan Marcus Dahlström, Eva Lindroth, A. Maquet, Luca Argenti, Fernando Martı́n, Anne L’Huillier

Published Sep 7, 2015• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study photoionization of argon atoms close to the 3s 2 3p 6 → 3s 1 3p 6 4p Fano resonance using an attosecond pulse train and a weak infrared probe field. An interferometric technique combined with tunable attosecond pulses allows us to determine the phase of the photoionization amplitude as a function of photon energy. We interpret the experimental results using an analytical two-photon model based on the Fano formalism and obtain quantitative agreement.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/635/9/092137

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Ultrafast atomic processes, such as excitation and ionization occurring on the femtosecond or shorter time scale, were explored by employing attosecond high-harmonic pulses. With the absorption of a suitable high-harmonic photon a He atom was ionized, or resonantly excited with further ionization by absorbing a number of infrared photons. The electron wave packets liberated by the two processes generated an interference containing the information on ultrafast atomic dynamics. The attosecond electron wave packet, including the phase, from the ground state was reconstructed first and, subsequently, that from the 1s3p state was retrieved by applying the holographic technique to the photoelectron spectra comprising the interference between the two ionization paths. The reconstructed electron wave packet revealed details of the ultrafast photoionization dynamics, such as the instantaneous two-photon ionization rate.
Ultrafast high harmonic beams provide new opportunities for coherently controlling excitation and ionization processes in atoms, molecules, and materials on attosecond time scales by employing multiphoton two-pathway electron-wave-packet quantum interferences. Here we use spectrally tailored and frequency tuned vacuum and extreme ultraviolet harmonic combs, together with two phase-locked infrared laser fields, to show how the total single and double photoionization yields of argon can be coherently modulated by controlling the relative phases of both optical and electronic-wave-packet quantum interferences. This Letter is the first to apply quantum control techniques to double photoionization, which is a fundamental process where a single, high-energy photon ionizes two electrons simultaneously from an atom.
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