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Chinese Physics Letters

A Multistage Optical Stark Decelerator for use with a Pulsed Molecular Beam with an Electrostatic Storage Ring

Yong Xia, Yaling Yin, Xiang Ji, Jianping Yin

Published May 1, 2012• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a promising scheme to repeatedly decelerate a pulsed molecular beam using a red-detuned quasi-cw semi-Gaussian laser beam (SGB) and an electrostatic storage ring. Using the Monte-Carlo simulation method, we demonstrate that this promising optical Stark decelerator can be used to efficiently slow a pulsed ND 3 molecular beam extracted from a Stark decelerator or a cryogenic reservoir by using a single SGB. The deceleration effect of this scheme on the intensity of the SGB is discussed in detail.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/29/5/053701

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Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2018•0 citations
We propose a promising scheme to repeatedly decelerate a pulsed molecular beam using a red-detuned quasi-cw semi-Gaussian laser beam (SGB) and an electrostatic storage ring. Using the Monte-Carlo simulation method, we demonstrate that this promising optical Stark decelerator can be used to efficiently slow a pulsed ND 3 molecular beam extracted from a Stark decelerator or a cryogenic reservoir by using a single SGB. The deceleration effect of this scheme on the intensity of the SGB is discussed in detail.
We propose a promising scheme to decelerate a cw filtering out molecular beam using a red-detuned quasi-cw semi-Gaussian laser beam. By using Monte-Carlo simulation method, we demonstrate this optical Stark deceleration scheme, and study its decelerated dynamic process for a cw ND3 molecular beam as well as the dependence of the deceleration effect on the border width of the semi-Gaussian beam. Our study shows that the proposed scheme can be used to efficiently slow a cw ND3 molecular beam, and obtain a relative average kinetic-energy loss of 9.33% by using a single semi-Gaussian beam with a well depth of 7.3 mK.
We propose a new scheme to realize a multistage optical Stark deceleration for a supersonic molecular beam using a time-varying red-detuned quasi-cw optical lattice with a length of up to 10 mm. We analyze the motion of the slowed molecules inside the optical decelerator, and study the dependences of the velocity of the slowed molecular packet on the synchronous phase angle and the number of the deceleration stages (i.e., the number of the optical-lattice cells) by using Monte-Carlo method. Our study shows that the proposed optical Stark decelerator cannot only efficiently slow a pulsed supersonic beam from 230 m/s to zero (standstill), but also obtain an ultracold molecular packet with a temperature of sub-mK due to bunching effect in the multistage optical Stark decelerator, which can be trapped in the optical lattice by rapidly turning off the modulation signal of the lattice. Also, we compare the decelerated results of our multistage optical Stark decelerator with a single-stage optical one, and find that our scheme cannot only obtain a colder molecular packet under the same molecular-beam parameters and deceleration conditions, but also be directly used to trap the slowed cold molecules after the deceleration, while don't need to use another molecular trap.
We propose a novel scheme to decelerate a cw precooled molecular beam by using an optical Stark decelerator, which is composed of a red-detuned cw semi-Gaussian beam. The dynamical process of the optical Stark deceleration for a cw methane molecular beam is studied by Monte Carlo simulations. It is realized that the proposed optical Stark decelerator can be used to continuously slow a cw methane molecular beam with a longitudinal temperature of 30 mK, and a maximum reduction in the most probable speed of 0.388 m/s (corresponding to a relative change of 9.93%) can be obtained by using a single semi-Gaussian beam with a power of 500 W and a maximum central intensity of about 7.96 × 10 7 W/cm 2 .
We propose a promising scheme to decelerate a CW molecular beam by using a red-detuned quasi-cw semi-Gaussian laser beam (SGB). We study the dynamical process of the deceleration for a CW deuterated ammonia (ND 3 ) molecular beam by Monte–Carlo simulation method. Our study shows that we can obtain a ND 3 molecular beam with a relative average kinetic energy loss of about 10% and a relative output molecular number of more than 90% by using a single quasi-cw SGB with a power of 1.5kW and a maximum optical well depth of 7.33mK.
We propose a promising scheme to realize the deceleration of a pulsed subsonic molecular beam by using a multistage optical Stark decelerator (i.e., a 1D quasi-cw traveling optical lattice), which is composed of two nearly counter-propagating, time-varying, red-detuned light fields with an intensity of ~10⁷Wcm⁻² and a fixed frequency difference between them. We also study the influence of the velocity reduced amount of the traveling lattice, the lattice power, the synchronous phase angle, the deceleration-stage number and the temporal profile of laser pulses on the molecular slowing results by using 3D Monte-Carlo method. Our study shows that the proposed decelerator cannot only be used to slow a pulsed subsonic beam from 240m/s to standstill, but also to obtain a cold molecular packet with a temperature of a few µK, and the corresponding fraction of cold molecules is 10⁻⁶-10⁻⁷, which strongly depends on the synchronous phase angle. And we also find that a pair of appropriate rising and falling times of laser pulses will lead to a better slowing effect than that produced by the top-hat temporal ones.
According to the optical Stark deceleration theory of using a stationary quasi-cw red-detuned optical lattice to slow and trap an arbitrary pulsed molecular beam, we propose a novel idea of using a modulated optical lattice instead of a stationary one to realize a multistage optical Stark deceleration. We analyze the motion of the decelerated molecules inside the optical decelerator, and study the dependence of the velocity of the decelerated molecular packet on the synchronous phase angle and the number of the deceleration stages (i.e. half the number of the optical-lattice cells) by using the Monte-Carlo method. The simulation results show that it takes longer time for the molecules to reach the detector as the number of the deceleration stages increases. The decelerated molecular wave packets are gradually separated from the large wave packets of the original molecular velocity distribution. And the higher the number of the deceleration stages, the lower the decelerated molecular speed is. In addition, we also study the influence of the initial phase angle of synchronous molecules under the same conditions. It is demonstrated that the higher the initial phase angle of synchronous molecules, the lower the decelerated molecular speed is and the smaller the number of molecules in the deceleration wave packet, so the phase space is compressed. The result also shows that the modulated optical Stark decelerator does not have the process of molecular free flight, and thus improving the efficiency of deceleration for molecules. The ultra-cold molecules can be trapped in the optical lattice by rapidly turning off the modulation signal of the lattice. Comparing with the previous scheme, the doubled number of the deceleration stages is reached in the same optical lattice length since a modulated optical lattice is used. For a length of optical lattice of 3.71 mm, theoretical simulation results demonstrate that the speed of methane molecules is decelerated from 280 m/s to 172 m/s. Comparing with the previous results from 280 m/s to 232 m/s, the deceleration effect is improved by 26%. Our scheme can not only obtain an ultra-colder molecular packet under the same molecular-beam parameters and deceleration conditions, but also be directly used to trap the slowed cold molecules after the deceleration without needing to use other techniques for molecular trapping.