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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Precision Quantum Control with Trapped 171 Yb + Ions

Alexander Soare, David Hayes, James J. McLoughlin, Xing-Long Zhen, Michael Lee, Marie Claire Jarratt, Harrison Ball, Todd J. Green, Michael J. Biercuk

Published Mar 4, 2014• 0 citations
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When precision matters: quantum gates and metrology with 171^{171}171Yb+^++ ions
Abstract High-precision, individually programmable manipulation of quantum particles is crucial for scaling up quantum information processing (QIP) systems such as laser-cooled trapped-ions. However, restricting undesirable “crosstalk” in optical manipulation of ion qubits is fundamentally challenging due to micron-level inter-ion separation. Further, inhomogeneous ion spacing and high susceptibility to aberrations at UV wavelengths suitable for most ion-species pose severe challenges. Here, we demonstrate high-precision individual addressing ( λ = 369.5 nm) of Yb + using a reprogrammable Fourier hologram. The precision is achieved through in-situ aberration characterization via the trapped ion, and compensating (to λ /20) with the hologram. Using an iterative Fourier transformation algorithm (IFTA), we demonstrate an ultra-low (<10 −4 ) intensity crosstalk error in creating arbitrary pair-wise addressing profiles, suitable for over fifty ions. This scheme relies on standard commercial hardware, can be readily extended to over a hundred ions, and adapted to other ion-species and quantum platforms.
Long-lived metastable states of Yb+{\text{Yb}}^{+}Yb+ ions are used for atomic frequency standards, precision measurements, and quantum information research. The effect of population trapping and transfer in these states must be well understood. We report here the transfer of Yb+{\text{Yb}}^{+}Yb+ ions into the long-lived 2F7/2{^{2}F}_{7/2}2F7/2​ state by means of collisions between He buffer gas and Yb+{\text{Yb}}^{+}Yb+ ions held in a linear Paul trap. Transfer rates were measured as functions of buffer-gas pressure and repump-laser power, and the collisional population transfer rates were extracted. The measured transfer rate coefficients are $8.32(75)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}11}$ and $8.65(33)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}11}\text{ }{\text{cm}}^{3}/\text{s}$ for the collisional processes ${^{2}P}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{^{2}D}_{5/2}$ and ${^{2}D}_{3/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{^{2}F}_{7/2}$, respectively.
We present the design and fabrication of an endcap-type Paul trap. The trap is designed for studies with Ca+ and Yb+. The design, fabrication process, and characterization are presented in detail, with a focus on trapping a single compensated ion at the rf node. A custom-built imaging system of NA = 0.14 and magnification of ≈22× performs close to the diffraction limit and resolves multi-ion clusters. Controlled ion loading and characterization of the trap are performed using 40Ca+. The experimentally determined quadrupole coefficient of the trap is ≈0.3, which is very close to the design value. The relative frequency shift along the spectroscopy beam due to excess micromotion is at the level of 3.5 × 10−18 for 40Ca+. Applications of this trap encompass single-ion-based optical frequency standards, tests of fundamental physics, the study of mesoscopic Coulomb clusters, and the controlled interaction of a single ion with co-trapped atoms.