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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Compact superconducting coplanar microwave beam splitters

A. Baust, Norbert Kalb, M. Haeberlein, Jan Goetz, Erik H. Hoffmann, E. P. Menzel, M. Schwarz, F. Wulschner, 钟龙权 Zhong Longquan, Frank Deppe, Achim Marx, Rudolf Groß

Published Feb 28, 2012• 0 citations
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Coupled superconducting transmission line resonators have applications in quantum information processing and fundamental quantum mechanics. A particular example is the realization of fast beam splitters, which however is hampered by two-mode squeezer terms. Here, we experimentally study superconducting microstrip resonators which are coupled over one third of their length. By varying the position of this coupling region we can tune the strength of the two-mode squeezer coupling from 2.4% to 12.9% of the resonance frequency of 5.44GHz. Nevertheless, the beam splitter coupling rate for maximally suppressed two-mode squeezing is 810MHz, enabling the construction of a fast and pure beam splitter.
Applications of up-to-date cryoelectronics, especially in quantum microwave engineering, require instruments that operating identically to an optical beam splitter. Using niobium technology for the application of thin film structures, we have fabricated a microwave signal power splitter with central frequency f 0 = 7.2 GHz. We have demonstrated experimentally that, in the 1-GHz band around central frequency f 0, the characteristics of the second and the third output ports are in the range of −3 ± 0.8 dB of the signal input power. The attenuation within power transfer from signal ports to the insulation port is 10 dB. The above-mentioned characteristics have been obtained at an operating temperature below the superconducting transition temperature.
This paper proposes a design of a coplanar waveguide resonator (CPWR) to integrate two distant superconducting qubits which is a function required for a quantum information system. In this CPWR, the states of one of the super conducting qubits can be moved to and recovered from the other qubit by microwave resonator photons. The superconducting qubits are relatively straightforward to fabricate from materials such as aluminium using electron beam lithography. The superconducting qubits, which are typically a few hundred micrometres in size, are well suited to perform fast quantum logic gate operations. The CPWR highly couples the two qubits through the tightly confined oscillating magnetic field of the resonator microwave photons. It is shown that, in the proposed CPW resonator structure, the microwave photons can mediate coupling between two distant superconducting qubits (21 mm apart) to realize quantum logic gates.