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ACS Photonics

Squeezed Light from Entangled Nonidentical Emitters via Nanophotonic Environments

Harald R. Haakh, Diego Martín-Cano

Published Nov 18, 2015• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme in which broadband nanostructures allow for an enhanced two-photon nonlinearity that generates squeezed light from far-detuned quantum emitters via collective resonance fluorescence. To illustrate the proposal, we consider a pair of two-level emitters detuned by 400 line widths that are coupled by a plasmonic nanosphere. It is shown that the reduced fluctuations of the electromagnetic field arising from the interaction between the emitters provide a means to detect their entanglement. Due to the near-field enhancement in the proposed hybrid systems, these nonclassical effects can be encountered outside both the extremely close separations limiting the observation in free space and narrow frequency bands in high- Q cavities. Our approach permits overcoming the fundamental limitations to the generation of squeezed light from noninteracting single emitters and is more robust against phase decoherence induced by the environment.

DOI
10.1021/acsphotonics.5b00585

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We propose a scheme in which broadband nanostructures allow for an enhanced two-photon nonlinearity that generates squeezed light from far-detuned quantum emitters via collective resonance fluorescence. To illustrate the proposal, we consider a pair of two-level emitters detuned by 400 line widths that are coupled by a plasmonic nanosphere. It is shown that the reduced fluctuations of the electromagnetic field arising from the interaction between the emitters provide a means to detect their entanglement. Due to the near-field enhancement in the proposed hybrid systems, these nonclassical effects can be encountered outside both the extremely close separations limiting the observation in free space and narrow frequency bands in high- Q cavities. Our approach permits overcoming the fundamental limitations to the generation of squeezed light from noninteracting single emitters and is more robust against phase decoherence induced by the environment.
We propose a scheme in which broadband nanostructures allow to generate squeezed light and entanglement of quantum emitters that are extremely far detuned. It is shown that the reduced fluctuations of the electromagnetic field arising from collective resonance fluorescence provide also a means to detect the entanglement between the emitters. Due to the near-field enhancement in the proposed hybrid systems, these nonclassical effects can be encountered outside both the extremely close separations limiting the observation in free space and narrow frequency bands in high-Q cavities. Our approach permits to overcome the limitations of noninteracting single emitters and is more robust against phase decoherence induced by the environment.
We analyze the spectral properties of the reduced quantum fluctuations arising from a single two-level emitter coupled to an optical nanostructure. A closed expression for the squeezing spectrum in this hybrid system is presented that includes the effect of additional phase decoherence. We consider a metallic nanoantenna to illustrate how the hybrid system can increase the bandwidth and overcome the limits to the generation of such spectral squeezing in terms of driving field intensity and the effect of pure dephasing.
We investigate the reduction of the electromagnetic field fluctuations in resonance fluorescence from a single emitter coupled to an optical nanostructure. We find that such hybrid systems can lead to the creation of squeezed states of light, with quantum fluctuations significantly below the shot-noise level. Moreover, the physical conditions for achieving squeezing are strongly relaxed with respect to an emitter in free space. A high degree of control over squeezed light is feasible both in the far and near fields, opening the pathway to its manipulation and applications on the nanoscale with state-of-the-art setups.
Abstract We analyze the spectral properties of the reduced quantum fluctuations arising from a single two-level emitter coupled to an optical nanostructure. A closed expression for the squeezing spectrum in this hybrid system is presented that includes the effect of additional phase decoherence. We consider a metallic nanoantenna to illustrate how the hybrid system can increase the bandwidth and overcome the limits to the generation of such spectral squeezing in terms of driving field intensity and the effect of pure dephasing.
Abstract This review discusses how nanophotonic architectures—including plasmonic nanostructures, dielectric resonators, optical cavities, and multi-emitter assemblies—provide powerful platforms for engineering light–matter interactions and controlling decoherence, dissipation, and collective mode formation. Within the framework of open quantum systems, decoherence arises from the coupling of a quantum system to its environment, suppressing phase coherence and transforming quantum superpositions into effectively classical statistical mixtures. Rather than representing an unavoidable limitation, decoherence can be deliberately tailored through the design of structured photonic reservoirs. We examine how the spectral density, symmetry, and coupling topology of these reservoirs govern the emergence of preferred pointer states and collective excitations. In contrast to the far-field geometry of the canonical double-slit experiment, nanophotonic platforms operate in the near-field regime, where localized, collective, and hybridized excitations coexist and interact. We further discuss how nanoparticle dimers, cavity-coupled emitters, and exciton–plasmon systems function as nanoscale which-path discriminators, enabling environmentally driven selection and stabilization of robust eigenmodes, including subradiant states, dark modes, and symmetry-protected excitations. By viewing decoherence as a mechanism for basis selection rather than solely a source of quantum information loss, this review highlights emerging opportunities for quantum state preparation, mode engineering, photonic logic, and scalable light–matter interfaces, providing a unified perspective on harnessing engineered nanophotonic environments to direct quantum dynamics.
The ability to harness light-matter interactions at the few-photon level plays a pivotal role in quantum technologies. Single photons-the most elementary states of light-can be generated on demand in atomic and solid state emitters. Two-photon states are also key quantum assets, but achieving them in individual emitters is challenging because their generation rate is much slower than competing one-photon processes. We demonstrate that atomically thin plasmonic nanostructures can harness two-photon spontaneous emission, resulting in giant far field two-photon production, a wealth of resonant modes enabling tailored photonic and plasmonic entangled states, and plasmon-assisted single-photon creation orders of magnitude more efficient than standard one-photon emission. We unravel the two-photon spontaneous emission channels and show that their spectral line shapes emerge from an intricate interplay between Fano and Lorentzian resonances. Enhanced two-photon spontaneous emission in two-dimensional nanostructures paves the way to an alternative efficient source of light-matter entanglement for on-chip quantum information processing and free-space quantum communications.