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Chinese Physics Letters

Temperature of the Remaining Cold Atoms after Two-Step Photoionization in an ^87Rb Vapor Cell Magneto-Optical Trap

阮亚平, 贾凤东, 刘龙为, 孙震, Wei-Lun Huang, 薛平, Xiang-Yuan Xu, 戴星灿, 钟志萍

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
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With a vapor-cell magneto-optical trap (VCMOT) atoms are trapped directly from the equilibrium vapor at room temperature without the complication of a precooling stage. The background vapor, however, can also be a source of energetic atoms hitting and ejecting those atoms already trapped. The background collision limits trap confinement time /spl tau/ and consequently the total number N of atoms trapped in a VCMOT. In order to have large /spl tau/ and N without losing the convenience and simplicity of a VCMOT, double MOT systems were built. In such a system there is a VCMOT with a usual background vapor pressure, and connected to it is another MOT without the vapor. The VCMOT captures atoms and transfers them to the second MOT through a long tube. The tube provides the constriction to maintain the pressure difference between the two MOT chambers. For the second MOT there is a steady supply of slow atoms without the complication of the background vapor, and it can hold a large number of atoms for a long time. Such systems were successfully used for a Bose Einstein condensation experiment and to study cold collisions.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)•Jan 20, 2003•0 citations
The temperature of the remaining cold 87 Rb atoms confined in a vapor cell magneto-optical trap after two-step photoionization has been measured. In the two-step photoionization process, the first excitation laser is served by the cooling laser and the second excitation laser is served by a continuous semiconductor laser with a wavelength of 450 nm. The results show that the temperature of the remaining cold atoms decreases as the intensity of the second excitation laser increases. Moreover, the relationship between the temperature T and number N of the remaining cold atoms generally follows a power law, while it deviates from the well-known T ∝ N 1/3 and the power factor is smaller than 1/3. We propose that ion-atom collisions occurring during a photoionization process strongly influence the temperature scaling law in an optically dense magneto-optical trap in the presence of an ionization laser. In addition, the forced evaporative cooling due to the combined effect of the detuning of the first excitation laser and the two-step photoionization plays a role in cooling the remaining cold atoms and results in the dependence of the power factor on the detuning of the first excitation laser.
We report the measurement of the absolute photoionization cross section for the 5P 3/2 state of 87 Rb at wavelength of 473 nm, which results in the photoelectron energies of 33 meV above the ionization threshold, using cold atoms confined in a vapor-loaded magneto-optical trap. The 87 Rb 5P 3/2 photoionization cross section at 473 nm is determined to be σ PI = 10.5 ± 2.2 Mb. Considering the spatial distribution of the trapped atoms, the average intensity of the ionization laser seen by an atom in the MOT instead of ionizing laser intensity I PI is used in our calculations for the photoionization cross sections. The excited state fraction is also accurately estimated using the latest experimental result.
With a vapor-cell magneto-optical trap (VCMOT) atoms are trapped directly from the equilibrium vapor at room temperature without the complication of a precooling stage. The background vapor, however, can also be a source of energetic atoms hitting and ejecting those atoms already trapped. The background collision limits trap confinement time /spl tau/ and consequently the total number N of atoms trapped in a VCMOT. In order to have large /spl tau/ and N without losing the convenience and simplicity of a VCMOT, double MOT systems were built. In such a system there is a VCMOT with a usual background vapor pressure, and connected to it is another MOT without the vapor. The VCMOT captures atoms and transfers them to the second MOT through a long tube. The tube provides the constriction to maintain the pressure difference between the two MOT chambers. For the second MOT there is a steady supply of slow atoms without the complication of the background vapor, and it can hold a large number of atoms for a long time. Such systems were successfully used for a Bose Einstein condensation experiment and to study cold collisions.