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Chinese Physics B

Atom-loss-induced quantum optical bi-stability switch

Bao-Jun Wu, Fu-Cheng Cui

Published Oct 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the nonlinear dynamics of a system composed of a cigar-shaped Bose—Einstein condensate and an optical cavity with the two sides coupled dispersively. By adopting discrete-mode approximation for the condensate, taking atom loss as a necessary part of the model to analyze the evolution of the system, while using trial and error method to find out steady states of the system as a reference, numerical simulation demonstrates that with a constant pump, atom loss will trigger a quantum optical bi-stability switch, which predicts a new interesting phenomenon for experiments to verify.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/21/10/103701

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We investigate the nonlinear dynamics of a system composed of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate and an optical cavity with the two sides coupled dispersively.By adopting discrete-mode approximation for the condensate,taking atom loss as a necessary part of the model to analyze the evolution of the system,while using trial and error method to find out steady states of the system as a reference,numerical simulation demonstrates that with a constant pump,atom loss will trigger a quantum optical bi-stability switch,which predicts a new interesting phenomenon for experiments to verify.
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The nonlinear dynamics of the photon number in an optical cavity filled with a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated. We find that the way of adding the field is crucial to the switching close to the critical transition point. If the pump field is changed abruptly, the system may jump from one branch to the other even if the pump field intensity has not reached the critical transition point yet. This behavior is similar to the anomalous switching in the dispersive optical bistability.
We consider a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional optical cavity. Specifically, the condensate atoms are taken to be in two degenerate modes due to their internal hyperfine spin degrees of freedom and they are coupled to the cavity field and an external transverse laser field in a Raman scheme. A parallel laser also excites the cavity mode. When the pump laser is far detuned from its resonance atomic transition frequency, an effective nonlinear optical model of the cavity–condensate system is developed under the discrete mode approximation (DMA), while matter–field coupling has been considered beyond the rotating wave approximation. By analytical and numerical solutions of the nonlinear dynamical equations, we examine the mean cavity field and population difference (magnetization) of the condensate modes. The stationary solutions of both the mean cavity field and normalized magnetization demonstrate bistable behavior under certain conditions for the laser pump intensity and matter–field coupling strength.
An interacting cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) inside a driven optical cavity exhibits an intrinsic cross-Kerr (CK) nonlinearity due to the interaction with the optical mode of the cavity. Although the CK coupling is much weaker than those of the radiation pressure and the atom-atom interactions, it can affect the bistability behavior of the system when the intensity of the laser pump is strong enough. On the other hand, there is a competition between the CK nonlinearity and the atom-atom interaction so that the latter can neutralize the effect of the former. Furthermore, the CK nonlinearity causes the effective frequency of the Bogoliubov mode of the BEC as well as the quantum fluctuations of the system to be increased by increasing the cavity driving rate. However, in the dispersive interaction regime the effect of the CK nonlinearity is negligible. In addition, we show that by increasing the sss-wave scattering frequency of atomic collisions one can generate a strong stationary quadrature squeezing in the Bogoliubov mode of the BEC.
We present an exact analytical model of a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate at negative temperature. This work is motivated by the first experimental discovery of negative temperature in Bose-Einstein condensate by Braun et al. We have considered an external confinement which is a combination of expulsive trap, bi-chromatic optical lattice trap, and linear trap. The present method is capable of providing the exact form of the condensate wavefunction, phase, nonlinearity and gain/loss. One of the consistency conditions is shown to map onto the Schrödinger equation, leading to a significant control over the dynamics of the system. We have modified the model by replacing the optical lattice trap by a bi-chromatic optical lattice trap, which imparts better localization at the central frustrated site, delineated through the variation of condensate fraction. Estimation of temperature and a numerical stability analysis are also carried out. Incorporation of an additional linear trap introduces asymmetry and the corresponding temporal dynamics reveal atom distillation at negative temperature.