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Chinese Physics Letters

Testing the Dissipative Type of a Qubit Interacting with Environment

曾浩生, 匡乐满, 高克林

Published Jan 1, 2003• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a method to test the correctness of the coupling model of a qubit interacting with environment and to determine the type of dissipation.The environment is modelled by a bath of oscillators with infinite degrees of freedom and the qubit-bath coupling is chosen to be a general dissipation-decoherence form.The proposed method can be realized in current experiments.

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We propose a method to test the correctness of the coupling model of a qubit interacting with environment and to determine the type of dissipation.The environment is modelled by a bath of oscillators with infinite degrees of freedom and the qubit-bath coupling is chosen to be a general dissipation-decoherence form.The proposed method can be realized in current experiments.
We show how to characterize the temporal evolution of a single qubit interacting with a thermal bath by correlation functions of the bath under quite general hypotheses. The aim is to show how the qubit decoherence time depends on the degree of correlation of the bath. We explicitly study some spin-bath models where every spin of the environment interacts with the qubit either directly or by the mediation of a harmonic oscillator. In both cases we find an increase of the decoherence time as soon as a symmetry breaking occurs in the environment. In the latter case a possible experimental setup is discussed.
The decoherence of an asymmetric two-qubit system that is coupled via a variable interaction term to a common bath or two individual baths of harmonic oscillators is examined. The dissipative dynamics are evaluated using the Bloch-Redfield formalism. It is shown that the behavior of the decoherence effects is affected mostly by the symmetries between the qubit operator that is coupled to the environment and the temperature, whereas the differences between the two bath configurations are very small. Moreover, it is elaborated that small imperfections of the qubit parameters do not necessarily lead to a drastic enhancement of the decoherence rates.
The quantum properties of a particle interacting with a dissipative environment are studied. We show the way in which different types of environments reduce quantum effects. The influence of certain environments, like that described by a Caldeira‐Leggett bath of oscillators suppress very efficiently interference processes, while the coupling to other (ohmic) environments does not modify qualitatively the main features of a free particle. Examples of physical realizations of the different environments are also given.
We consider a model of environment-induced dissipationless decoherence of a quantum system where the system is coupled to the bath degrees of freedom via the system Hamiltonian itself. We solve exactly for the reduced density operator of the system for an arbitrary spectral density of the thermal bath and also write down an exact master equation in the Lindblad form. We compare and contrast the above results with those obtained by considering the system frequencies to be randomly modulated as in stochastic models. We observe that a coupling to the bath as above necessarily induces a Kerr-like coherent contribution in the reduced dynamics of the system. This Kerr-like term is a reflection of the quantum nature of the bath and cannot be obtained from stochastic models. For the special case of a harmonic oscillator we consider the influence of decoherence and its relation with phase diffusion. Our numerical results exhibit oscillations in the evolution of system variables which overall is a signature of the quantum nature of the environment.
We derive a microscopic model for dissipative dynamics in a system of mutually interacting qubits coupled to a thermal bath that generalizes the dissipative model of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert to the case of anisotropic bath couplings. We show that the dissipation acts to bias the quantum trajectories towards a reduced phase space. This model applies to a system of superconducting flux qubits whose coupling to the environment is necessarily anisotropic. We study the model in the context of the D-Wave computing device and show that the form of environmental coupling in this case produces dynamics that are closely related to several models proposed on phenomenological grounds.