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Chinese Physics B

Electromagnetically induced transparency in a three-mode optomechanical system

Xiao-Bo Yan, Kai-Hui Gu, Chang-Bao Fu, Cui-Li Cui, Jin‐Hui Wu

Published Nov 1, 2014• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study a three-mode double-cavity optomechanical system in which an oscillating membrane of perfect reflection is inserted between two fixed mirrors of partial transmission. We find that electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be realized and controlled in this optomechanical system by adjusting the relative intensity and the relative phase between left-hand and right-hand input (probe and coupling) fields. In particular, one perfect EIT window is seen to occur when the two probe fields are exactly out of phase and the EIT window's width is very sensitive to the relative intensity of two coupling fields. Our numerical findings may be extended to achieve optomechanical storage and switching schemes applicable in quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/23/11/114201

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We study a three-mode double-cavity optomechanical system in which an oscillating membrane of perfect reflection is inserted between two fixed mirrors of partial transmission. We find that electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be realized and controlled in this optomechanical system by adjusting the relative intensity and the relative phase between left-hand and right-hand input (probe and coupling) fields. In particular, one perfect EIT window is seen to occur when the two probe fields are exactly out of phase and the EIT window's width is very sensitive to the relative intensity of two coupling fields. Our numerical findings may be extended to achieve optomechanical storage and switching schemes applicable in quantum information processing.
Abstract We study the reflected and transmitted output properties of a weak probe field incident upon an optomechanical cavity separated by a membrane oscillator and filled with two-level cold atoms. We find that electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) may simultaneously exist owing to separate cavity–atom coupling and cavity-oscillator coupling, respectively. It is more interesting that the hybrid EIT and OMIT phenomena can be manipulated on demand to exhibit various spectral features on dispersion, transmission, and reflection. In particular, we discover the new hybrid double transparency window (a narrow OMIT dip appearing inside the wide EIT window), analogous to double EIT for a four-level atomic system in inverted-Y configuration. Meanwhile, we can reduce the hybrid EIT–OMIT to a single EIT or OMIT shape by changing the magnitude of the driving field power or the atomic number as desired. Furthermore, by changing the system’s detuning it is possible to change the location and the profile of the EIT, therefore switching the shape of the hybrid EIT–OMIT from symmetric to asymmetric, as well as for the profile to change from a absorption dip-like EIT to dispersion-like EIT in both real and imaginary parts of the output probe field. Also, by modifying system’s detuning we have control over the distribution of the output energy, something difficult to achieve with only one of the sub-systems available.
We consider an optomechanical cavity made by two moving mirrors which contain a Kerr-down-conversion nonlinear crystal. We show that the coherent oscillations of the two mechanical oscillators can lead to splitting in the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance and the appearance of an absorption peak within the transparency window. In this configuration, the coherent-induced splitting of EIT is similar to driving a hyperfine transition in an atomic $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three-level system by a radio-frequency or microwave field. Also, we show that the presence of nonlinearity provides an additional flexibility for adjusting the width of the transparency windows. The combination of an additional mechanical mode and the nonlinear crystal suggests new possibilities for adjusting the resonance frequency, the width and the spectral positions of the EIT windows, as well as the enhancement of the absorption peak within the transparency window.
We explain the phenomena of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of a weak probe field and tunable Fano resonances in hybrid optomechanics. The system of study consists of a two-level atom coupled to a single-mode field of an optomechanical resonator with a moving mirror. We show that a single EIT window exists in the presence of optomechanical coupling or Jaynes–Cummings coupling, whereas two distinct double EIT windows occur when both the couplings are simultaneously present. Furthermore, based on our analytical and numerical work, we prove the existence of tunable Fano resonances in the system. The controlling parameters of the system, which switch from a single EIT window to double EIT windows and are needed to tune the Fano resonances, can be realized in present-day laboratory experiments.
We theoretically investigate the response of the output field of multiple mechanical modes coupled to a single quantized cavity field via quadratic optomechanical interactions. We focus specifically on two identical membranes in the optical cavity mode. Our study shows that double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be observed from the output field by adjusting the strength of the quadratic coupling coefficient, which can be achieved by controlling the position of the membranes in the cavity. Moreover, for N membranes having the same frequencies, the results indicate that there are at most multicolor (N) EIT in the transmitted probe field.
Some optomechanical systems can be transparent to a probe field when a strong driving field is applied. These systems can provide an optomechanical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We study the transmission of a probe field through a hybrid optomechanical system consisting of a cavity and a mechanical resonator with a two-level system (qubit). The qubit might be an intrinsic defect inside the mechanical resonator, a superconducting artificial atom, or another two-level system. The mechanical resonator is coupled to the cavity field via radiation pressure and to the qubit via the Jaynes-Cummings interaction. We find that the dressed two-level system and mechanical phonon can form two sets of three-level systems. Thus, there are two transparency windows in the discussed system. We interpret this effect as an optomechanical analog of two-color EIT (or double EIT). We demonstrate how to switch between one and two EIT windows by changing the transition frequency of the qubit. We show that the absorption and dispersion of the system are mainly affected by the qubit-phonon coupling strength and the transition frequency of the qubit.
We theoretically investigate the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of a weak probe field in hybrid optomechanics with a single three-level (ΛΛΛ-type) atomic system. We report that, in the presence of optomechanical coupling and two transition coupling parameters of three-level atom (TLA), there occurs three distinct multiple EIT windows in the probe absorption spectrum. Moreover, the switching of multiple windows into double and single EIT windows can be obtained by suitably tuning the system parameters. Furthermore, the probe transmission spectrum have been studied. Based on our analytical and numerical work, we explain the occurrence of slow and fast light (superluminal) regimes, and enhancement of superluminal behaviour in the probe field transmission. This work demonstrates great potential in multi-channel waveguide, fiber optics and classical communication networks, multi-channel quantum information processing, real quality imaging, cloaking devices and delay lines & optical buffers for telecommunication.