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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Periodically-dressed Bose- Einstein condensates in 87Rb

Lorraine E. Sadler, James Higbie, Craig L. Hetherington, Stefan Schmid, Matthew Pasienski, Dan Stamper-Kurn

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Using Raman coupling to induce spatially periodic coupling between atomic levels, novel quantum fluids with anisotropic critical velocities and highly-correlated ground states are created. Theoretical and experimental investigations of this system are presented.
DOI
10.1364/iqec.2004.imm6

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We consider a two-component atomic gas illumined by two intersecting laser beams which induce Raman coupling between the components. This spatially periodic coupling modifies the dispersion relation of the gas. Properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate of such a gas are strongly affected by this modification. Using the quasiparticle excitation spectrum derived from a Bogoliubov transformation, the Landau critical velocity is found to be anisotropic and can be widely tuned by varying properties of the dressing laser beams.
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Resonant Raman coupling between internal levels can create double-well momentum-space potentials for multilevel ``periodically-dressed'' atoms. We develop a many-body formalism for a weakly interacting, trapped periodically dressed Bose gas which illustrates how a tunable exchange interaction yields correlated many-body ground states. In contrast to the case of a position-space double well, the ground state of stable periodically-dressed Bose gases with repulsive interactions tends toward a macroscopic superposition state in the regime where interactions dominate the momentum-space tunneling induced by the external trapping potential. We discuss how real-time control of experimental parameters can be used to create macroscopic quantum superpositions of either momentum or internal states, and how these states could be dynamically controlled, opening the way toward highly sensitive interferometry and frequency metrology.