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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

BCS-BEC Crossover and topological phase transition in Fermi Gases driven by Spin-Orbit Coupling and Zeeman field

Yi-Xiang Yu, Jinwu Ye, Wu‐Ming Liu

Published Mar 5, 2014• 0 citations
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We investigate the fidelity susceptibility (FS) of a two-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled (SOC) Fermi superfluid and the topological phase transition driven by a Zeeman field in the perspective of its ground state wave function. Without Zeeman coupling, FS shows additional features characterizing the BCS-BEC crossover induced by SOC. In the presence of a Zeeman field, the topological phase transition is explored using both FS and the topological invariant. In particular, we obtain the analytical result of the topological invariant which explicitly demonstrates that the topological phase transition corresponds to a sudden change of the ground state wave function. Consequently, FS diverges at the phase transition point with its critical behavior being $\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\propto}\text{ln}|h\ensuremath{-}{h}_{c}|$ . Based on this observation, we conclude that the topological phase transition can be detected by measuring the momentum distribution in cold atom experiments.

arXiv:1311.3349•Physical Review A•Apr 21, 2014•14 citations
We investigate the BCS-BEC crossover in three-dimensional degenerate Fermi gases in the presence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and Zeeman field. We show that the superfluid order parameter destroyed by a large Zeeman field can be restored by the SOC. With increasing strengths of the Zeeman field, there is a series of topological quantum phase transitions from a nontopological superfluid state with fully gapped fermionic spectrum to a topological superfluid state with four topologically protected Fermi points (i.e., nodes in the quasiparticle excitation gap) and then to a second topological superfluid state with only two Fermi points. The quasiparticle excitations near the Fermi points realize the long-sought low-temperature analog of Weyl fermions of particle physics. We show that the topological phase transitions can be probed using the experimentally realized momentum-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.
We investigate the fidelity susceptibility (FS) of a two-dimensional spin-orbit-coupled (SOC) Fermi superfluid and the topological phase transition driven by a Zeeman field in the perspective of its ground state wave function. Without Zeeman coupling, FS shows additional features characterizing the BCS-BEC crossover induced by SOC. In the presence of a Zeeman field, the topological phase transition is explored using both FS and the topological invariant. In particular, we obtain the analytical result of the topological invariant which explicitly demonstrates that the topological phase transition corresponds to a sudden change of the ground state wave function. Consequently, FS diverges at the phase transition point with its critical behavior being $\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\propto}\text{ln}|h\ensuremath{-}{h}_{c}|$ . Based on this observation, we conclude that the topological phase transition can be detected by measuring the momentum distribution in cold atom experiments.