We show that by modifying the setup of the recent experiment that creates a "Dirac string" one can engineer a quasi-2D spinor Bose-Einstein condensate on a cylindrical surface, with a synthetic magnetic field normal to the surface. Because of the muticonnectivity of the surface, there are two types of vortices (called A and B) with the same vorticity. This is very different from the planar case, which only has one kind of vortex for fixed circulation. As the strength of the synthetic gauge field increases, the ground states will form a necklace of alternating AB vortices surrounding the lateral midpoint of the cylinder, and will split into two A and B necklaces at higher synthetic gauge fields. The fact that even the basic vortex structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate is altered in a cylindrical surface implies that richer phenomena are in store for quantum gases in other curved surfaces.We show that by modifying the setup of the recent experiment that creates a "Dirac string" one can engineer a quasi-2D spinor Bose-Einstein condensate on a cylindrical surface, with a synthetic magnetic field normal to the surface. Because of the muticonnectivity of the surface, there are two types of vortices (called A and B) with the same vorticity. This is very different from the planar case, which only has one kind of vortex for fixed circulation. As the strength of the synthetic gauge field increases, the ground states will form a necklace of alternating AB vortices surrounding the lateral midpoint of the cylinder, and will split into two A and B necklaces at higher synthetic gauge fields. The fact that even the basic vortex structure of a Bose-Einstein condensate is altered in a cylindrical surface implies that richer phenomena are in store for quantum gases in other curved surfaces.

arXiv:1503.00300Physical Review LettersOct 9, 201523 citations

BEC manipulation with fictitious magnetic fields

Jeffrey Heward, Mark Edwards, Charles W. Clark

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMay 27, 20100 citations

Transport behaviors of BEC in synthetic spin-orbit and gauge fields

Robert Niffenegger, Chuan-Hsun Li, Abraham J. Olson +1 more

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyJun 4, 20140 citations

Atomic Theory of the Two-fluid Model: Broken Gauge Symmetry in Bose-Einstein condensation

S. J. Han

We discuss the collective excitations in a spatially inhomogeneous (cylindrically symmetric) Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) at low temperature ( $T \ll T_λ$ ). The main result is the dispersion relation for a (first) sound wave that is obtained by describing the perturbation as a Lagrangian coordinate. The dispersion curve is in good agreement with the Bogoliubov phonon spectrum $ω=c k$ , where $k=k_θ=m/r$ , the wave number and $c=[4 πa ρ\hbar^{2}]^{1/2}/M$ , the speed of first sound. Based on Bohm's quantum theory, a spontaneously broken gauge symmetry in a quantum fluid is discussed in terms of the quantum fluctuation-dissipation, from which it is shown that the symmetry breaking takes place at the free surface of BEC in an external field.We discuss the collective excitations in a spatially inhomogeneous (cylindrically symmetric) Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) at low temperature ($T \ll T_λ$). The main result is the dispersion relation for a (first) sound wave that is obtained by describing the perturbation as a Lagrangian coordinate. The dispersion curve is in good agreement with the Bogoliubov phonon spectrum $ω=c k$, where $k=k_θ=m/r$, the wave number and $c=[4 πa ρ\hbar^{2}]^{1/2}/M$, the speed of first sound. Based on Bohm's quantum theory, a spontaneously broken gauge symmetry in a quantum fluid is discussed in terms of the quantum fluctuation-dissipation, from which it is shown that the symmetry breaking takes place at the free surface of BEC in an external field.

arXiv:cond-mat/0509350Sep 14, 20050 citations

Experimental studies of excitations in a BEC in light-induced gauge fields

Chuan-Hsun Li, David Blasing, Abraham J. Olson +2 more

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyJun 5, 20140 citations

We discuss the collective excitations in a spatially inhomogeneous (cylindrically symmetric) Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) at low temperature (

T \ll T_λ

). The main result is the dispersion relation for a (first) sound wave that is obtained by describing the perturbation as a Lagrangian coordinate. The dispersion curve is in good agreement with the Bogoliubov phonon spectrum

ω=c k

, where

k=k_θ=m/r

, the wave number and

c=[4 πa ρ\hbar^{2}]^{1/2}/M

, the speed of first sound. Based on Bohm's quantum theory, a spontaneously broken gauge symmetry in a quantum fluid is discussed in terms of the quantum fluctuation-dissipation, from which it is shown that the symmetry breaking takes place at the free surface of BEC in an external field.