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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Polaron Thermodynamics of Spin-Imbalanced Quasi-Two-Dimensional Fermi Gases

Willie Ong, Chingyun Cheng, Ilya Arakelyan, John E. Thomas

Published Jun 12, 2015• 0 citations
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We demonstrate that the theoretical description of current experiments of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) Fermi gases requires going beyond the usual 2D theories. We provide such a theory for the highly spin-imbalanced quasi-2D Fermi gas. For typical experimental conditions, we find that the location of the recently predicted polaron-molecule transition is shifted to lower values of the vacuum binding energy due to the interplay between transverse confinement and many-body physics. The energy of the attractive polaron is calculated in the two-dimensional to three-dimensional (2D-3D) crossover and displays a series of cusps before converging towards the 3D limit. The repulsive polaron is shown to be accurately described by a 2D theory with a single interaction parameter.

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Spin-Imbalanced Quasi-Two-Dimensional Fermi Gases

Willie Ong, Chingyun Cheng, Ilya Arakelyan +1 more

We measure the density profiles for a Fermi gas of (6)Li containing N(1) spin-up atoms and N(2) spin-down atoms, confined in a quasi-two-dimensional geometry. The spatial profiles are measured as a function of spin imbalance N(2)/N(1) and interaction strength, which is controlled by means of a collisional (Feshbach) resonance. The measured cloud radii and central densities are in disagreement with mean-field Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory for a true two-dimensional system. We find that the data for normal-fluid mixtures are reasonably well fit by a simple two-dimensional polaron model of the free energy. Not predicted by the model is a phase transition to a spin-balanced central core, which is observed above a critical value of N(2)/N(1). Our observations provide important benchmarks for predictions of the phase structure of quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gases.

arXiv:1412.6685•Physical Review Letters•Mar 19, 2015•83 citations
We demonstrate that the theoretical description of current experiments of quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) Fermi gases requires going beyond the usual 2D theories. We provide such a theory for the highly spin-imbalanced quasi-2D Fermi gas. For typical experimental conditions, we find that the location of the recently predicted polaron-molecule transition is shifted to lower values of the vacuum binding energy due to the interplay between transverse confinement and many-body physics. The energy of the attractive polaron is calculated in the two-dimensional to three-dimensional (2D-3D) crossover and displays a series of cusps before converging towards the 3D limit. The repulsive polaron is shown to be accurately described by a 2D theory with a single interaction parameter.
We measure the density profiles for a Fermi gas of (6)Li containing N(1) spin-up atoms and N(2) spin-down atoms, confined in a quasi-two-dimensional geometry. The spatial profiles are measured as a function of spin imbalance N(2)/N(1) and interaction strength, which is controlled by means of a collisional (Feshbach) resonance. The measured cloud radii and central densities are in disagreement with mean-field Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory for a true two-dimensional system. We find that the data for normal-fluid mixtures are reasonably well fit by a simple two-dimensional polaron model of the free energy. Not predicted by the model is a phase transition to a spin-balanced central core, which is observed above a critical value of N(2)/N(1). Our observations provide important benchmarks for predictions of the phase structure of quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gases.