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Acta Physica Sinica

Soliton characteristics of two-dimensional condensates with two- and three-body interaction

Weixi Zhang, She Yan-Chao, Denglong Wang

Published Jan 1, 2011• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

By using multiple-scale method, we study analytically the soliton characteristics of the two-dimensional condensates with two- and three-body interaction. The results show that a ring dark soliton can be found in the condensates when the two-body interaction is repulsive and three-body interaction is attractive. With the strength of the three-body interaction decreasing, the height of the center peak of the ring dark soliton decreases. When the three-body interaction vanishes, the ring dark soliton becomes a perfect dark soliton. If the two- and the three-body interaction are both repulsive,the width and the amplitude of the dark soliton decrease with the strength of the three-body interaction increasing. Especially, if the strength of the three-body interaction is large, which is on the order of that of the two-body interaction, the condensat collapse takes place.

DOI
10.7498/aps.60.070514

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By using multiple-scale method, we study analytically the soliton characteristics of the two-dimensional condensates with two- and three-body interaction. The results show that a ring dark soliton can be found in the condensates when the two-body interaction is repulsive and three-body interaction is attractive. With the strength of the three-body interaction decreasing, the height of the center peak of the ring dark soliton decreases. When the three-body interaction vanishes, the ring dark soliton becomes a perfect dark soliton. If the two- and the three-body interaction are both repulsive,the width and the amplitude of the dark soliton decrease with the strength of the three-body interaction increasing. Especially, if the strength of the three-body interaction is large, which is on the order of that of the two-body interaction, the condensat collapse takes place.
For the first time, we find the complex solitons for a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate with two-and three-body interactions. These localized solutions are characterized by a power law behaviour. Both dark and right solitons can be excited in the experimentally allowed parameter domain, when two-and three-body interactions are,respectively, repulsive and attractive. The dark solitons travel with a constant speed, which is quite different from the Lieb mode, where profiles with different speeds, bounded above by sound velocity, can exist for specified interaction strengths. We also study the properties of these solitons in the presence of harmonic confinement with time-dependent nonlinearity and loss. The modulational instability and the Vakhitov-Kolokolov criterion of stability are also studied.
The evolution characteristics of a Bose-Einstein condensate dark soliton with three-body interactions are investigated by the variational approach.The effects of a harmonic trapping potential on the motion of the dark soliton are discussed. It is shown that the dark soliton will oscillate in the harmonic potential. The trapping strength and the sign of three-body interactions affect the evolution of the dark soliton and change the oscillation characteristics of the Bose-Einstein condensate system.
The interaction of ring dark solitons/vortexes with the ring-shaped repulsive and attractive impurities in two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensates is investigated numerically. Very rich interaction phenomena are obtained, i.e., not only the interaction between the ring soliton and the impurity, but also the interaction between vortexes and the impurity. The interaction characters, i.e., snaking of ring soliton, quasitrapping or reflection of ring soliton and vortexes by the impurity, strongly depend on initial ring soliton velocity, impurity strength, initial position of ring soliton and impurity. The numerical results also reveal that ring dark solitons/vortexes can be trapped and dragged by an adiabatically moving attractive ring impurity.
By using the multiple-scale method, this paper analytically studies the effect of a barrier potential on the dynamical characteristics of the soliton in Bose–Einstein condensates. It is shown that a stable soliton is exhibited at the top of the barrier potential and the region of the absence of the barrier potential. Meanwhile, it is found that the height of the barrier potential has an important effect on the dark soliton dynamical characteristics in the condensates. With the increase of height of the barrier potential, the amplitude of the dark soliton becomes smaller, its width is narrower, and the soliton propagates more slowly.