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Quantum network for information processing on superconducting qubits with dark microwave photons

Ming Hua, Ming‐Jie Tao, Fu‐Guo Deng

Published Oct 31, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present two one-step schemes to generate the Bell state and construct the controlled-phase gate deterministically on remote transmon qutrits trapped in different resonators connected by a superconducting transmission line for a quantum network. They are implemented with coherent evolutions of the entire system in the all-resonance regime assisted by the dark microwave photons which are robust against the transmission line loss. Different from previous works in other quantum systems for a quantum network, the present proposals do not require classical pulses and ancillary qubits. Our simulations with feasible parameters show that the fidelities of both these schemes exceed 99% which is beyond the fault-tolerant threshold for quantum communication.

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•Jul 1, 2015•0 citations
We present two one-step schemes to generate the Bell state and construct the controlled-phase gate deterministically on remote transmon qutrits trapped in different resonators connected by a superconducting transmission line for a quantum network. They are implemented with coherent evolutions of the entire system in the all-resonance regime assisted by the dark microwave photons which are robust against the transmission line loss. Different from previous works in other quantum systems for a quantum network, the present proposals do not require classical pulses and ancillary qubits. Our simulations with feasible parameters show that the fidelities of both these schemes exceed 99% which is beyond the fault-tolerant threshold for quantum communication.
Abstract A one‐step scheme is presented to construct the controlled‐phase gate deterministically on remote transmon qutrits coupled to different resonators connected by a superconducting transmission line for an universal distributed quantum computing. Different from previous work on remote superconducting qubits, the present gate is implemented with coherent evolutions of the entire system in the all‐resonance regime assisted by the dark photons to robust against the transmission line loss, which allows the possibility of the complex designation of a long‐length transmission line to link lots of circuit QEDs. The length of the transmission line can reach the scale of several meters, which makes this scheme suitable for large‐scale distributed quantum computing. This gate is a fast quantum entangling operation with a high fidelity of about 99%. Compared with previous work in other quantum systems for a distributed quantum computing, under the all‐resonance regime, the present proposal does not require classical pulses and ancillary qubits, which relaxes the difficulty of its implementation largely.
Large-scale quantum information processing networks will most probably require the entanglement of distant systems that do not interact directly. This can be done by performing entangling gates between standing information carriers, used as memories or local computational resources, and flying ones, acting as quantum buses. We report the deterministic entanglement of two remote transmon qubits by Raman stimulated emission and absorption of a traveling photon wave packet. We achieve a Bell state fidelity of 73%, well explained by losses in the transmission line and decoherence of each qubit.
Stark shift on a superconducting qubit in circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) has been used to construct universal quantum entangling gates on superconducting resonators in previous works. It is a second-order coupling effect between the resonator and the qubit in the dispersive regime, which leads to a slow state-selective rotation on the qubit. Here, we present two proposals to construct the fast universal quantum gates on superconducting resonators in a microwave-photon quantum processor composed of multiple superconducting resonators coupled to a superconducting transmon qutrit, that is, the controlled-phase (c-phase) gate on two microwave-photon resonators and the controlled-controlled phase (cc-phase) gates on three resonators, resorting to quantum resonance operations, without any drive field. Compared with previous works, our universal quantum gates have the higher fidelities and shorter operation times in theory. The numerical simulation shows that the fidelity of our c-phase gate is 99.57% within about 38.1 ns and that of our cc-phase gate is 99.25% within about 73.3 ns.
Superconducting microwave links have enabled deterministic state transfer and remote entanglement between qubits, but deterministic links have so far operated with an effectively two-dimensional transmitted Hilbert space. Here we demonstrate a superconducting qutrit link between two independently packaged nodes connected by a microwave channel. Each node combines a transmon qutrit, a transmission resonator, and a tunable Purcell-filter interface, allowing the two remote microwave-photon interfaces to be matched in both frequency and bandwidth. We implement two transition-selective photon-mediated operations that transfer the ∣e⟩|e\rangle∣e⟩ and ∣f⟩|f\rangle∣f⟩ qutrit components in distinct temporal modes of the same channel. We tomographically characterize arbitrary qutrit-state transfer, obtaining a mean transferred-state fidelity of 83.68% and a qutrit process fidelity of 77.12%, exceeding both the classical qutrit-transfer benchmark and the best possible average fidelity of an effective qubit channel used to transmit an arbitrary qutrit. Using partial-transfer operations, we reconstruct a remote two-qutrit state with negativity 0.730, a tomography-inferred dense-coding capacity of 2.273 bits, and a tomography-inferred Collins-Gisin-Linden-Massar-Popescu (CGLMP) parameter I3=2.332I_3=2.332I3​=2.332, all beyond the corresponding qubit or local bounds. These results demonstrate a superconducting microwave link that uses the native three-level structure of transmons as a genuine high-dimensional communication resource.
Based on a microwave-photon quantum processor with two superconducting resonators coupled to one transmon qutrit, we construct the controlled-phase (c-phase) gate on microwave-photon-resonator qudits, by combination of the photon-number-dependent frequency-shift effect on the transmon qutrit by the first resonator and the resonant operation between the qutrit and the second resonator. This distinct feature provides us a useful way to achieve the c-phase gate on the two resonator qudits with a higher fidelity and a shorter operation time, compared with the previous proposals. The fidelity of our c-phase gate can reach 99.5199.51%99.51 within 93 ns. Moreover, our device can be extended easily to construct the three-qudit gates on three resonator qudits, far different from the existing proposals. Our controlled-controlled-phase gate on three resonator qudits is accomplished with the assistance of a transmon qutrit and its fidelity can reach 92.9292.92%92.92 within 124.64 ns.
We propose a quantum processor for the scalable quantum computation based on microwave photons in 1D superconducting resonators. Different from the previous processors which are composed of some resonators coupled to a superconducting qubit, our processor is composed of some resonators rir_iri​ and a common resonator R acting as a quantum bus, which makes it have the capability of integrating more resonators simply by coupling them to the bus RRR in different positions. R is coupled to only one transmon qutrit, and the coupling strengths between rir_iri​ and R can be fully tuned. To show the processor can be used to achieve universal quantum computation effectively, we present a scheme to complete the high-fidelity quantum state transfer between two microwave-photon resonators and another one for the high-fidelity controlled-phase gate on them.