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Advances in atomic, molecular, and optical physics

Longitudinal Interferometry with Atomic Beams

Subhadeep Gupta, David A. Kokorowski, Richard A. Rubenstein, W. W. Smith

Published Jan 1, 2001• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s1049-250x(01)80065-3

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A detuned, radiofrequency field interacting with atoms in an atomic beam constitutes a beamsplitter in longitudinal momentum space. Using such beamsplitters, we have constructed a longitudinal atom interferometer in a generalization of Ramsey's classic SOF configuration. This interferometer is well-suited to studying the longitudinal coherence properties of matter-wave beams. We report on two such experiments, including a deconvolution of the longitudinal density matrix of an atomic beam, and a search for longitudinal coherences coming from our supersonic beam source.
We present a compact, single-cell atomic beam source that produces a continuous beam of rubidium atoms with cooling in three dimensions. Our design integrates an off-axis optical molasses into a two-dimensional magnetooptical trap within a single vacuum cell. The 87Rb atom beam source features a flux of 3 × 109 atoms/s, a transverse temperature of 95(5) µK, and a longitudinal temperature of 886(12) µK. We present a temporal coherence theory to evaluate the effect of longitudinal temperature on the inertial measurement performance of atom interferometers. Ultra-low light shift are verified via Raman-Ramsey interferometry, yielding a sensitivity of the center frequency to the MOT laser power is −1.653 × 10−3 Hz/mW. We hope this compact source can contribute to atom-interferometry-based inertial sensors and clocks that are both compact and sensitive.