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Chinese Physics Letters

Dynamics of Matter-Wave Solitons for Three-Dimensional Bose—Einstein Condensates with Time-Space Modulation

Na Xiong, Biao Li

Published Sep 1, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

By two direct assumption methods and symbolic computation, we present two families of one-soliton solutions and a family of two-soliton solutions with some arbitrary functions for the three-dimensional Gross—Pitaevskii equation with time-space modulation. Then we investigate the dynamics of these matter-wave solitons in three-dimensional Bose—Einstein condensates. We can see that the intensities of both one-solitons and two-solitons first increase rapidly to the condensation peak value, then decay very slowly to the background value. Thus these matter-wave solitons in three-dimensional Bose—Einstein condensates can remain for a sufficiently long time to be fully observed and modulated for real applications in today's experiments.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/29/9/090303

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By two direct assumption methods and symbolic computation, we present two families of one-soliton solutions and a family of two-soliton solutions with some arbitrary functions for the three-dimensional Gross—Pitaevskii equation with time-space modulation. Then we investigate the dynamics of these matter-wave solitons in three-dimensional Bose—Einstein condensates. We can see that the intensities of both one-solitons and two-solitons first increase rapidly to the condensation peak value, then decay very slowly to the background value. Thus these matter-wave solitons in three-dimensional Bose—Einstein condensates can remain for a sufficiently long time to be fully observed and modulated for real applications in today's experiments.
We present three families of one-soliton solutions for (2+1)-dimensional Gross—Pitaevskii equation with both time-dependent scattering length and gain or loss in a harmonic trap. Then we investigate the dynamics of these solitons in Bose—Einstein condensates (BECs) by some selected control functions. Our results show that the intensities of these solitons first increase rapidly to the condensation peak, then decay very slowly to the background; thus the lifetime of a bright soliton, a train of bright solitons and a dark soliton in BECs can be all greatly extended. Our results offer a useful method for observing matter-wave solitons in BECs in future experiments.
We present three families of one-soliton solutions for (2+l)-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation withboth time-dependent scattering length and gain or loss in a harmonic trap.Then we investigate the dynamics of thesesolitons in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by some selected control functions.Our results show that the intensitiesof these solitons first increase rapidly to the condensation peak,then decay very slowly to the background;thus thelifetime of a bright soliton,a train of bright solitons and a dark soliton in BECs can be all greatly extended.Our resultsoffer a useful method for observing matter-wave solitons in BECs in future experiments.
We present two families of one-soliton solutions and three families of two-soliton solutions for a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which is characterized by the time-dependent scattering length and varying potentials. Then, we investigate the propagation of one-soliton and interactions of two-soliton by some selected control functions. The results show that the intensities of one- and two-soliton first increase rapidly to a peak value, and then decay very slowly to the background value; thus, the lifetimes of both one-soliton and two-soliton in Bose–Einstein condensates can be extended largely at least to the order of the lifetime of a Bose–Einstein condensate in real experiments. Our results open up new ways of considerable experimental interest for the management of matter-wave solitons in Bose–Einstein condensates.
Using the F-expansion method, we present analytical matter-wave solutions to Bose-Einstein condensates with two- and three-body interactions through the generalized onedimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with time-dependent coefficients, for the experimentally relevant quadratic potential strength. Various shapes of the analytical matter-wave solutions which have important applications of physical interest are studied in detail. In particular, the matter-wave solitons are obtained in the quintic Gross-Pitaevskii equation model, which may be produced by tuning the cubic nonlinearity to zero via the Feschbach resonance technique. Direct numerical simulation has been performed to show the stable region of the matter-wave soliton.
We investigate the dynamics of the localized nonlinear matter wave in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates with trapping potentials and nonlinearities dependent on time and space. We solve the three coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equation by similarity transformation and obtain two families of exact matter wave solutions in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions and Mathieu equation. The localized states of the spinor matter wave describe the dynamics of vector breathing solitons, moving breathing solitons, quasibreathing solitons and resonant solitons. The results of stability show that one order vector breathing solitons, quasibreathing solitons, resonant solitons, and the moving breathing solitons ψ_{\pm1} are all stable but the moving breathing solitons ψ_0 is unstable. We also present the experimental parameters to realize these phenomena in the future experiments.
We present two families analytical solutions to the extended Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE), which describe the dynamics of bright and dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensations(BECs) with varying coefficients of two and three-body interactions in a parabolic and complex potential. The properties of the dynamical evolutions of the bright and dark matter-wave solitons are investigated. It is interesting that the matter-wave can be controlled by applying the external magnetic field and a background.