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Advances in atomic, molecular, and optical physics

Evanescent Light-Wave Atom Mirrors, Resonators, Waveguides, and Traps

Jonathan P. Dowling, Julio R. Gea-Banacloche

Published Jan 1, 1996• 154 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/s1049-250x(08)60098-1

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Einfang und Manipulation lasergekühlter metastabiler Argonatome an einer Oberfläche

Dominik Schneble

This thesis discusses experiments on the all-optical trapping and manipulation of laser-cooled metastable argon atoms at a surface. A magneto-optical surface trap (MOST) has been realized and studied. This novel hybrid trap combines a magneto-optical trap at a metallic surface with an optical evanescent-wave atom mirror. It allows for laser-cooling and trapping of atoms in contact with an evanescent light field that separates the atomic cloud from the surface by a fraction of an optical wavelength. Based on this work, the continuous loading of a planar matter waveguide has been demonstrated. Loading into the waveguide, which was formed by the optical potential of a red-detuned standing light wave above the surface, was achieved via evanescent-field optical pumping from the MOST in sub-µm distance from the surface. In subsequent experiments, several light-induced atom-optical elements have been demonstrated in the planar waveguide geometry, including a continuous atom source, a switchable channel guide, an atom detector and an optical surface lattice. The source, the channel and the detector have been combined to form a simple atom-optical integrated circuit.

•Jan 1, 2002•0 citations
We have realized a resonant waveguide structure which enhances the intensity of an evanescent wave at a dielectric - vacuum interface by more than three orders of magnitude. We present a simple theoretical model including the effect of the losses in the waveguide, which gives a good description of the observed behaviour of the structure. We experimentally determine the enhancement factor by analysing the resonance of the reflected light intensity. This characterization technique allows for an easy in situ monitoring of the enhancement, which is a key feature for the understanding of atomic mirror experiments.
This thesis discusses experiments on the all-optical trapping and manipulation of laser-cooled metastable argon atoms at a surface. A magneto-optical surface trap (MOST) has been realized and studied. This novel hybrid trap combines a magneto-optical trap at a metallic surface with an optical evanescent-wave atom mirror. It allows for laser-cooling and trapping of atoms in contact with an evanescent light field that separates the atomic cloud from the surface by a fraction of an optical wavelength. Based on this work, the continuous loading of a planar matter waveguide has been demonstrated. Loading into the waveguide, which was formed by the optical potential of a red-detuned standing light wave above the surface, was achieved via evanescent-field optical pumping from the MOST in sub-µm distance from the surface. In subsequent experiments, several light-induced atom-optical elements have been demonstrated in the planar waveguide geometry, including a continuous atom source, a switchable channel guide, an atom detector and an optical surface lattice. The source, the channel and the detector have been combined to form a simple atom-optical integrated circuit.