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Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

A study of energy absorption rate in a quantum dot and metallic nanosphere hybrid system

Daniel G. Schindel, Mahi R. Singh

Published Aug 7, 2015• 24 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have studied energy absorption rate in a quantum dot-metallic nanosphere system embedded on a dielectric substrate. We applied a control field to induce dipole moments in the quantum dot and the metal nanosphere, and monitored the energy absorption using a probe field. These external fields induce dipole moments in the metal nanosphere and the quantum dot, and these two structures interact with one another via the dipole-dipole interaction. The density matrix method was used to evaluate the absorption, indicating that it can be shifted by moving the metal nanosphere close to the quantum dot. Also, absorption efficiency can either be quenched or enhanced by the addition of a metal nanosphere. This hybrid system can be used to create ultrafast switching and sensing nanodevices.

DOI
10.1088/0953-8984/27/34/345301

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We have studied energy absorption rate in a quantum dot-metallic nanosphere system embedded on a dielectric substrate. We applied a control field to induce dipole moments in the quantum dot and the metal nanosphere, and monitored the energy absorption using a probe field. These external fields induce dipole moments in the metal nanosphere and the quantum dot, and these two structures interact with one another via the dipole-dipole interaction. The density matrix method was used to evaluate the absorption, indicating that it can be shifted by moving the metal nanosphere close to the quantum dot. Also, absorption efficiency can either be quenched or enhanced by the addition of a metal nanosphere. This hybrid system can be used to create ultrafast switching and sensing nanodevices.
We present energy absorption and interference in a quantum dot-metallic nanosphere system embedded on a dielectric substrate. A control field is applied to induce dipole moments in the nanosphere and the quantum dot, and a probe field is applied to monitor absorption. Dipole moments in the quantum dot or the metal nanosphere are induced, both by the external fields and by each other's dipole fields. Thus, in addition to direct polarization, the metal nanosphere and the quantum dot will sense one another via the dipole-dipole interaction. The density matrix method was used to show that the absorption spectrum can be split from one peak to two peaks by the control field, and this can also be done by placing the metal sphere close to the quantum dot. When the two are extremely close together, a self-interaction in the quantum dot produces an asymmetry in the absorption peaks. In addition, the fluorescence efficiency can be quenched by the addition of a metal nanosphere. This hybrid system could be used to create ultra-fast switching and sensing nanodevices.
We have studied quantum coherence and interference phenomena in a quantum dot (QD)-metallic nanorod (MNR) hybrid system. Probe and control laser fields are applied to the hybrid system. Induced dipole moments are created in the QD and the MNR, and they interact with each other via the dipole-dipole interaction. Using the density matrix method, it was found that the power spectrum of MNR has two transparent, states and they can be switched to one transparent state by the control field. Ultrafast switching and sensing nanodevices could be produced using this model.
We have investigated the second-harmonic generation (SHG) and dipole-dipole interaction in a quantum dot and metallic nanoparticle hybrid system. A strong probe field is applied to create two-photon absorption in the quantum dot and metallic nanoparticle. SHG photons and SHG surface plasmon polaritons are emitted by the quantum dot and metallic nanoparticle, respectively. Induced dipoles are created in the quantum dot and the metallic nanoparticle due to two-photon absorption and hence both systems interact with each other via the dipole-dipole interaction. It is found that SHG signals produced by the quantum dot and nanoparticle are enhanced by the dipole-dipole interaction and also that the SHG signal can be switched on and off by applying a control field. The theoretical findings of this paper are supported by recent experimental studies. The present hybrid system can be used to fabricate nano-sensors and all-optical nano-switching devices.
We have investigated the nonlinear energy transfer in a quantum dot (QD) and metallic nanorod (MNR) nanocomposite. An intense probe laser field is applied to monitor two-photon energy transfer from the QD to the MNR and a control laser field is applied to control the energy transfer rate. Induced dipoles are created in the QD and MNR and these dipoles are interacting with each other. Surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) are also created in the MNR due to a coupling of charge fluctuations and external laser fields. Therefore, there is a dipole–dipole interaction between excitons in the QD and SPRs in the MNR. Due to this interaction, the two-photon energy is transferred from the QD to the MNR. Using the density matrix method, the energy transfer rate between the components of the system is evaluated. It is found that the energy transfer rate has one peak due to the transfer of the two-photon energy from the QD to the MNR when the control field is absent. When the control field is applied, this peak disappears. This means no energy transfer between two components of the nanosystems. However, two new peaks appear in the energy transfer rate at two different energies. It is also found that by varying the intensity of the probe field, one can also control the energy transfer from the QD to the MNR. These are interesting findings of the paper and they can be used to fabricate nanosensors, nanoswitches, and energy transfer devices.
The effect of the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) on absorption processes has been investigated in photonic nanowires. They are manufactured by embedding a photonic crystal into another crystal. The embedded crystal is doped with an ensemble of three-level quantum dots. A probe field is applied to monitor the absorption coefficient. A control field is applied to induce dipole moments in quantum dots. Owing to these fields dipoles are induced in quantum dots, and they interact with each other via the DDI. Quantum dots also interact with bound photon states of the nanowire via the electron-bound photon interaction. It is found that the system can be switched from a transparent state to an absorbing state through the DDI. The switching mechanism can be controlled by changing the location of a resonant energy in the quantum dots.
We study the coupling between quantum dots through the dipole–dipole interaction in photonic nanofibers manufactured by embedding a dielectric material into a photonic crystal. The embedded dielectric material is doped with an ensemble of three-level quantum dots. A probe field is applied to monitor the absorption, and a control field is applied to induce dipole moments in quantum dots. Dipoles are induced in quantum dots due to the external fields, and they interact with each other via the dipole–dipole interaction. Quantum dots also interact with the nanofiber through the electron–bound photon interaction. The absorption coefficient has been calculated using the density matrix method, and the dipole–dipole interaction has been evaluated in the mean field approximation. It is found that the absorption spectrum splits from one peak to two peaks by the dipole–dipole interaction. The splitting of peaks can be controlled by either the resonance energy of quantum dots or bound photon states of the nanofiber.