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Slow Light for Microwave Photonics Applications Invited Paper

Andrea Blanco, Enrique Areizaga, Joseba Zubía

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper focuses in slow light and its application in microwave photonics. It makes a brief review of microwave photonics evolution from its inception to new emerging topics. Subsequently, the principles, techniques, and applications of slow light in microwave photonics are addressed more in depth. Finally, the photonic crystal approach is presented as a promising approach to slow-light-based microwave photonics devices. The peculiar design flexibility of this approach is demonstrated with a series of simulations.

DOI
10.1109/mms.2009.5409842

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This paper focuses in slow light and its application in microwave photonics. It makes a brief review of microwave photonics evolution from its inception to new emerging topics. Subsequently, the principles, techniques, and applications of slow light in microwave photonics are addressed more in depth. Finally, the photonic crystal approach is presented as a promising approach to slow-light-based microwave photonics devices. The peculiar design flexibility of this approach is demonstrated with a series of simulations.
This paper focuses in slow light and its application in microwave photonics. It makes a brief review of microwave photonics evolution from its inception to new emerging topics. Subsequently, the principles, techniques, and applications of slow light in microwave photonics are addressed more in depth. Finally, the photonic crystal approach is presented as a promising approach to slow-light-based microwave photonics devices. The peculiar design flexibility of this approach is demonstrated with a series of simulations.
Unluckily, light is inherently difficult to control, not to mention how hard it is to store it.This is not only due to its speed, but also to the very nature of its basic unit, the photon, being massless and having no electric charge.A number of ingenious and diverse schemes to diminish the speed of light in a controllable fashion has been proposed, giving rise to the intriguing field of slow light.All slow light schemes are based in the same basic principle, in www.intechopen.comAdvanced Photonic Sciences 54 spite of their interdisciplinary nature: the existence of a single sharp resonance or multiple resonances (Khurgin & Tucker, 2009).As it will be justified, photonic crystal devices are, to our understanding, the most promising approach for the development of practical photonic devices based on slow light.This chapter begins by reviewing the motivation and principles of slow light, followed by a description and assessment of the different techniques to diminish the speed of light and the applications of this phenomenon.In a subsequent section the particularly promising approach of slow-light photonic crystal arrangements will be addressed.In that section, together with the fundamentals of photonic band gap materials, their simulation methods and fabrication techniques, simulations results and analysis on our designs of slow-light photonic crystal arrangements will be presented.The chapter will be concluded with an assessment of photonic band gap engineered materials as a technology for developing slowlight based devices for telecommunications and microwave photonics applications.
We provide a comprehensive review of the application of slow and fast light (SFL) techniques to the field of microwave photonics. Basic principles leading to the implementation of phase shifting and true time delay operations which are instrumental in this field are first considered. We then focus on the description of the main results obtained by our groups in the implementation of broadband, full 360 phase shifting using coherent population oscillations in semiconductor waveguides. Next, attention is given to the evaluation of the system impairments implied by these devices when included in analog links. Finally, the main results obtained for several microwave photonic applications such as filtering, arbitrary waveform generation and optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) are reviewed, and other directions for future research in the field are discussed.
The problem of slowing down light by orders of magnitude has been extensively discussed in the literature. Such a possibility can be useful in a variety of optical and microwave applications. Many qualitatively different approaches have been explored. Here we discuss how this goal can be achieved in linear dispersive media, such as photonic crystals. The existence of slowly propagating electromagnetic waves in photonic crystals is quite obvious and well known. The main problem, though, has been how to convert the input radiation into the slow mode without losing a significant portion of the incident light energy to absorption, reflection, etc. We show that the so-called frozen mode regime offers a unique solution to the above problem. Under the frozen mode regime, the incident light enters the photonic crystal with little reflection and, subsequently, is completely converted into the frozen mode with huge amplitude and almost zero group velocity. The linearity of the above effect allows the slowing of light regardless of its intensity. An additional advantage of photonic crystals over other methods of slowing down light is that photonic crystals can preserve both time and space coherence of the input electromagnetic wave.