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Interplay of driving, nonlinearity and dissipation in nanoscale and ultracold atom systems

Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
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Abstract By introducing two opposing driving fields with a reduced electric field strength, we successfully achieve quantum non-reciprocal transport of ultracold atoms confined within a quadruple-well system that incorporates a synthetic gauge field. This achievement not only disrupts the inherent robustness of reciprocal transport in such systems but also underscores the indispensability of coherent drives in facilitating quantum non-reciprocal transport, irrespective of the presence or absence of dissipation. In the absence of dissipation, the interplay between the synthetic gauge field and the driving fields endows the system with the capacity for non-reciprocal transport of ultracold atoms. This finding highlights the significance of unequal reduced field strengths in the genesis of nonreciprocal quantum transport, with the synergistic effects of the synthetic gauge field and coherent drives dictating both the magnitude and direction of the nonreciprocal transport. In the presence of dissipation, although the population and tunneling probability of ultracold atoms are diminished, the non-reciprocity of the system can be amplified by the driving fields and the artificial gauge field. This amplification results in an enhancement of non-reciprocity, allowing for the generation of strong unidirectional non-reciprocal windows through the modulation of the combined effects of dissipation, coherent drives, and the synthetic gauge field. Our findings provide a valuable reference for the development of quantum non-reciprocal routers within ultracold atoms, offering insights into the control and manipulation of quantum transport phenomena.
The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), featured by the collapse of bulk-band eigenstates into the localized boundary modes of the systems, is one of most striking properties in the fields of non-Hermitian physics. Unique physical phenomena related to the NHSE have attracted a lot of interest, however, their experimental realizations usually require nonreciprocal hopping, which faces a great challenge in ultracold-atom systems. In this work, we propose to realize the NHSE in a 1D optical lattice by periodically-driven ultracold atoms in the presence of staggered atomic loss. By studying the effective Floquet Hamiltonian in the high-frequency approximation, we reveal the underlying mechanism for the periodic-driving-induced the NHSE. We found that the robust NHSE can be tuned by driving phase, which is manifested by the dynamical localization. Most remarkably, we uncover the periodic-driving-induced critical skin effect for two coupled chains with different driving phases, accompanied by the appearance of size-dependent topological in-gap modes. Our studies provide a feasible way for observing the NHSE and exploring corresponding unique physical phenomena due to the interplay of non-Hermiticity and many-body statistics in ultracold-atom systems.
The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), characterized by the collapse of bulk-band eigenstates into the localized boundary modes of the systems, is one of most striking properties in the field of non-Hermitian physics. Unique physical phenomena related to the NHSE have attracted a great deal of interest; however, their experimental realization usually requires nonreciprocal hopping, which faces a great challenge in ultracold-atom systems. In this work we propose the realization of the NHSE in a one-dimensional optical lattice by periodically driven ultracold atoms in the presence of staggered atomic loss. By studying the effective Floquet Hamiltonian in the high-frequency approximation, we reveal the underlying mechanism for the periodic-driving-induced NHSE. We find that the robust NHSE can be tuned by the driving phase, which is manifested by the dynamical localization. Most remarkably, we uncover the periodic-driving-induced critical skin effect for two coupled chains with different driving phases, accompanied by the appearance of size-dependent topological in-gap modes. Our study provides a feasible way to observe the NHSE and explore the corresponding unique physical phenomena due to the interplay of non-Hermiticity and many-body statistics in ultracold-atom systems.