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Collisional properties ofultracold Chromium: Towardsapurely dipolar quantumgas

Thierry Lahaye, Tobias Benedikt Koch, M. Fattori, Bernd Fröhlich, Axel Griesmaier

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
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Due to its large magnetic moment of 6 muB, atomic chromium is the only Bose-Einstein condensed species so far to show relatively large magnetic dipole-dipole interactions (MDDI) besides the usual s-wave contact interaction. The long-range (1/r3) and anisotropic character of the MDDI gives birth to unique properties for the Cr Bose-Einstein condensate obtained recently in our group. In particular, it leads to an anisotropic deformation of the expanding condensate which depends on the orientation of the atomic dipole moments (Giovanazzi et al., 2006). In these measurements the dominant interaction is the contact one. We used expansion dynamics measurements to quantify the ratio between dipolar and contact interactions to be epsivdd= 0.159 plusmn 0.034 . This in turn provides a new experimental determination of the chromium scattering length: a = (96 plusmn 20) a0with an accuracy which is not limited by errors in the measurement of the atom number.

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Observation of collisional ionization of chromium atoms in high Rydberg states and the N4 scaling relation

Daniel T. Rooney, Joseph Chaiken

We have used mass selected multiphoton dissociation/excitation/collisional ionization (MPD/MPE/CI) spectroscopy to study benzene chromium tricarbonyl (BCT) in an effusive molecular beam under collisionless and collisional conditions. Under collisionless conditions, our results are entirely consistent with, but not identical to, our earlier nonmass selected published experiments under bulk gas conditions. The spectroscopic results confirm that we can produce chromium atoms in a variety of well defined Rydberg states (7S3[Ns3d5], N=30–43). Following the state selective preparation of the chromium Rydberg atoms, by MPD of BCT followed by MPE of the ground state chromium atoms, they can be allowed to collide with ground electronic state benzene chromium tricarbonyl molecules producing ground state chromium ions and other products. We observe the scaling of the cross section for this collisional ionization process as a function of the Rydberg electron principal quantum number. The cross sections are a strong function of the Rydberg electron principal quantum number N, even when N is very large. Scaling as N4, the cross sections suggest that dipolar interactions with molecular colliders can be quite efficient at inducing collisional ionization of Rydberg atoms.

The Journal of Chemical Physics•Jul 1, 1990•2 citations
Due to its large magnetic moment of 6 muB, atomic chromium is the only Bose-Einstein condensed species so far to show relatively large magnetic dipole-dipole interactions (MDDI) besides the usual s-wave contact interaction. The long-range (1/r3) and anisotropic character of the MDDI gives birth to unique properties for the Cr Bose-Einstein condensate obtained recently in our group. In particular, it leads to an anisotropic deformation of the expanding condensate which depends on the orientation of the atomic dipole moments (Giovanazzi et al., 2006). In these measurements the dominant interaction is the contact one. We used expansion dynamics measurements to quantify the ratio between dipolar and contact interactions to be epsivdd= 0.159 plusmn 0.034 . This in turn provides a new experimental determination of the chromium scattering length: a = (96 plusmn 20) a0with an accuracy which is not limited by errors in the measurement of the atom number.
We have used mass selected multiphoton dissociation/excitation/collisional ionization (MPD/MPE/CI) spectroscopy to study benzene chromium tricarbonyl (BCT) in an effusive molecular beam under collisionless and collisional conditions. Under collisionless conditions, our results are entirely consistent with, but not identical to, our earlier nonmass selected published experiments under bulk gas conditions. The spectroscopic results confirm that we can produce chromium atoms in a variety of well defined Rydberg states (7S3[Ns3d5], N=30–43). Following the state selective preparation of the chromium Rydberg atoms, by MPD of BCT followed by MPE of the ground state chromium atoms, they can be allowed to collide with ground electronic state benzene chromium tricarbonyl molecules producing ground state chromium ions and other products. We observe the scaling of the cross section for this collisional ionization process as a function of the Rydberg electron principal quantum number. The cross sections are a strong function of the Rydberg electron principal quantum number N, even when N is very large. Scaling as N4, the cross sections suggest that dipolar interactions with molecular colliders can be quite efficient at inducing collisional ionization of Rydberg atoms.