Quantum computer is the current topic of research in the field of computational science, which uses principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum computers will be much more powerful than the classical computer due to its enormous computational speed. Recent developments in quantum computers which are based on the laws of quantum mechanics, shows different ways of performing efficient calculations along with the various results which are not possible on the classical computers in an efficient period of time. One of the most striking results that have obtained on the quantum computers is the prime factorization of the large integer in a polynomial time. The idea of involvement of the quantum mechanics for the computational purpose is outlined briefly in the present work that reflects the importance and advantages of the next generation of the 21st century classical computers, named as quantum computers, in terms of the cost as well as time period required for the computation purpose. Present paper presents a quantum computer simulator for executing the limitations of classical computer with respect to time & the number of digits of a composite integer used for calculating its prime factors.
Quantum computer is the current topic of research in the field of computational science, which uses principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum computers will be much more powerful than the classical computer due to its enormous computational speed. Recent developments in quantum computers which are based on the laws of quantum mechanics, shows different ways of performing efficient calculations along with the various results which are not possible on the classical computers in an efficient period of time. One of the most striking results that have obtained on the quantum computers is the prime factorization of the large integer in a polynomial time. The idea of involvement of the quantum mechanics for the computational purpose is outlined briefly in the present work that reflects the importance and advantages of the next generation of the 21st century classical computers, named as quantum computers, in terms of the cost as well as time period required for the computation purpose. Present paper presents a quantum computer simulator for executing the limitations of classical computer with respect to time & the number of digits of a composite integer used for calculating its prime factors.
Quantum computing has become a hot topic in recent years. It provides high consumption and exponential speed over classical computers by controlling the behaviour of small physical objects i.e., microscopic particles like atoms, electrons, photons, etc. Quantum computing is an emerging technology. The clock frequency of current computer processor systems may reach about 40 GHz within the next 10 years. By then, one atom may represent one bit. Electrons under such conditions are no longer described by classical physics, and a new model of the computer may be necessary by that time. The quantum computer is one proposal that may have merit in dealing with the problems presented. Currently, there exist some algorithms utilizing the advantage of quantum computers. For example, Shor's algorithm performs factoring of a large integer in polynomial time, whereas classical factoring algorithms can do it in exponential time. In this paper, we will briefly explain quantum computers, their history, the difference between classical computers and Quantum computers, and the challenges they faced Lastly, we conclude with its future scope.
Recent theoretical results confirm that quantum theory provides the possibility of new ways of performing efficient calculations. The most striking example is the factoring problem. It has recently been shown that computers that exploit quantum features could factor large composite integers This task is believed to be out of reach of classical computers as soon as the number of digits in the number to factor exceeds a certain limit. The additional power of quantum computers comes from the possibility of employing a superposition of states, of following many distinct computation paths and of producing a final output that depends on the interference of all of them. This "quantum parallelism" outstrips by far any parallelism that can be thought of in classical computation and is responsible for the "exponential" speed-up of computation. Experimentally, however, it will be extremely difficult to "decouple" a quantum computer from its environment. Noise fluctuations due to the outside world...
Why quantum computing? As we all know very well, conventional (electronic) computers have enormous power which, moreover, is constantly increasing. With their help gigantic quantities of data can be handled and evaluated. This is of crucial importance, for instance, in modern high energy physics experiments. On the other hand, computers can be used to model very complex systems with the aim of predicting, for example, future developments in our environment, notably climatic changes. Thanks to their incredible speed computers are, of course, destined to treat mathematical problems for which specific algorithms exist very efficiently. To mention a simple example, the digits of π are readily evaluated up to a very high order. Last, but not least, their potential to solve differential equations numerically, even when they are nonlinear, makes computers indispensable in modern research. So, one might ask, is there any reason to look for fundamentally new ways of computing as they are seemingly offered by quantum processes? What advantages can be expected when the laws of quantum mechanics, rather than those of classical physics, are exploited for computation? Two answers were given: first, the simulation of complex quantum systems on classical computers meets serious difficulties that might be overcome with the help of quantum computers. This idea was suggested in 1982 by R. Feynman, and in the 1990s it was indeed shown by several groups of researchers that quantum mechanical systems for which no efficient simulation on a classical computer is known can be efficiently simulated on a quantum computer.
Quantum computing is an emerging technology. The clock frequency of current computer processor systems may reach about 40 GHz within the next 10 years. By then, one atom may represent one bit. Electrons under such conditions are no longer described by classical physics and a new model of the computer may be necessary by then. The quantum computer is one proposal that may have merit in dealing with the problems associated with the fact that certain important computationally intense problems present that current (classical) computers cannot solve because they require too much processing time. For example, Shor's algorithm performs factoring a large integer in polynomial time while classical factoring algorithms can do it in exponential time. In this paper we briefly survey the current status of quantum computers, quantum computer systems, and quantum simulators. Keywords Classical computers, quantum computers, quantum computer systems, quantum simulators, Shor's algorithm.
Quantum computing is an emerging technology. The clock frequency of current computer processor systems may reach about 40GHz within the next 10 years. By then, one atom may represent one bit. Electrons under such conditions are no longer described by classical physics, and a new model of the computer may be necessary by that time. The quantum computer is one proposal that may have merit in dealing with the problems presented. Currently, there exist some algorithms utilizing the advantage of quantum computers. For example, Shor's algorithm performs factoring of a large integer in polynomial time, whereas classical factoring algorithms can do it in exponential time. In this paper we briefly survey the current status of quantum computers, quantum computer systems, and quantum simulators.
As technological innovations in computers begin to advance past their limit (Moore’s law), a new problem arises: What computational device would emerge after the classical supercomputers reach their physical limitations? At this moment in time, quantum computers are at their starting stage and there are already some strengths and advantages when compared with modern, classical computers. In its testing period, there are a variety of ways to create a quantum computer by processes such as the trapped-ion and the spin-dot methods. Nowadays, there are many drawbacks with quantum computers such as issues with decoherence and scalability, but many of these issues are easily emended. Nevertheless, the benefits of quantum computers at the moment outweigh the potential drawbacks. These benefits include its use of many properties of quantum mechanics such as quantum superposition, entanglement, and parallelism. Using these basic properties of quantum mechanics, quantum computers are capable of achieving faster computational times for certain problems such as finding prime factors of an integer by using Shor’s algorithm. From the advantages such as faster computing times in certain situations and higher computing powers than classical computers, quantum computers have a high probability to be the future of computing after classical computers hit their peak.